Absorption enzyme

<p>Starch that escapes digestion in the small intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Candy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactase levels are reduced (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oligosaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both simple and complex carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endosperm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fructose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disaccharide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sucrose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To separate the components of the grain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many sugar molecules linked together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maltose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Act as a fuel for the brain and nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release of some energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create a smooth texture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They undergo browning reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By adding bulk and viscosity to foods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Into other food compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To trap water and form gels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The activity of red blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of amputations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 and Type 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fasting blood glucose levels slightly higher than normal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes Mellitus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lost work and disability costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Altered metabolism in virtually every cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidney failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A kind of fiber (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cooked dried beans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It must be broken down into monosaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To split disaccharides into monosaccharides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most remains intact and ferments in the colon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resistant starch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts on starch while it is still in the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>45 to 65 percent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex carbohydrates from unrefined sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Snacks stabilize blood glucose levels by providing energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is stored as glycogen or used for fuel. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By their effect on blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It slows down digestion, leading to a steady glucose release. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sugary snacks and drinks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Foods that have been processed to remove certain parts, often leading to lower fiber content.

Carbohydrates made up of one or two sugar units, easily digested.

Carbohydrates made up of many sugar units, providing sustained energy.

Single sugar units that are the building blocks of carbohydrates.

Two sugar units bonded together.

A common monosaccharide, often called blood sugar, crucial for energy.

The three parts of a wheat kernel: bran, endosperm, and germ.

Breaking down carbohydrates into monosaccharides to be absorbed by the body.

Sugars provide sweetness, energy for bodily functions, and glucose for the brain and nerves.

Glucose is the primary fuel for the brain and nerves, and to some extent, other parts of the body.

Muscle and liver glycogen store glucose.

Sugars undergo browning reactions when heated, creating appealing colors, aromas and tastes.

Sugars help create tender and smooth textures in cooked foods.

Sugars interact with proteins, expanding and trapping water when heated, forming gels.

Glucose's breakdown for energy in the body has a point of no return where glucose is lost.

Fibers maintain healthy bowel function by increasing the bulk and viscosity of foods.

Indigestible carbohydrates in beans that cause flatulence because they are broken down by bacteria in the large intestine.

Starch that isn't digested in the small intestine due to protective structures or cooking processes.

Inability to digest lactose (a sugar in milk) due to low levels of the lactase enzyme.

Breaking down carbohydrates into simpler units (monosaccharides) so they can be absorbed by the body.

Carbohydrates made up of single or double sugars.

Carbohydrates made up of many sugar units.

The most abundant indigestible carbohydrate from food.

Single sugar units, the building blocks of carbohydrates needed for absorption.

A type of starch that's hard to digest, acting like fiber.

Breaking down starch into simpler sugars for absorption.

Two sugar units joined together.

Single sugar units absorbed through the intestine.

Bacteria in the colon ferment some resistant starch.

Small intestine enzymes split disaccharides into sugars.

Complex process requiring extensive breakdown.

Salivary enzymes start starch breakdown in mouth.

Glucose stores as glycogen in the muscles and liver, which can release glucose into the bloodstream

Eating carbohydrate-rich foods regularly provides 45-65% of dietary calories from complex carbohydrates.

A scale that ranks how quickly a food raises blood glucose.

The liver converts glucose to fat, but mainly stores excess glucose as glycogen or uses it immediately.

Carbohydrates made of many sugar units, providing sustained energy.

Eating balanced meals with protein, fat, and fiber slows digestion, releasing glucose gradually.

Candy, sugary drinks, and energy bars are quick sources of sugar energy.

Regular meals and snacks with starch, fiber, protein, and some fat are the best sources of carbohydrates.

Metabolic diseases with elevated blood glucose and inefficient insulin regulation.

Common forms of diabetes involving abnormal insulin and blood glucose handling.

A condition with high blood glucose, not yet diabetes.

Amputation, kidney failure, blindness are possible.

Estimated $174 Billion annually affecting healthcare services and more.

Chronically high blood glucose harms almost every body cell.

Treatment for kidney disease, removes wastes from blood.

Few or no initial symptoms exist; long-term damage may occur unseen.