Xopenex Flashcards

Xopenex Overview

• Generic name: Levalbuterol; Trade name: Xopenex
• Classified as a beta agonist

Administration Methods

• Available via Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) or nebulizer

Mechanism of Action

• Stimulates beta 2 receptors
• Relaxes smooth muscle in lungs, uterus, and vasculature supplying skeletal muscle

Indications for Use

• Treats acute bronchospasms
• Prophylaxis for bronchospasms in patients with asthma

Contraindications

• Avoid in patients with angioedema or known sensitivity
• Exercise caution in lactating patients and those with cardiovascular disorders or cardiac arrhythmias
• Not recommended for patients on phenothiazines or sotalol due to potential for prolonged QT interval and bronchospasm

Common Adverse Effects

• Hyperglycemia and hypokalemia
• Cardiac issues: palpitations and sinus tachycardia
• Psychological effects: anxiety and tremors
• Gastrointestinal disturbances: nausea/vomiting and dyspepsia
• Other: throat irritation, hypertension, insomnia, headache

Adult Dosage Guidelines

• MDI: 2 inhalations every 4-6 hours; acute exacerbations allow for 4-8 inhalations every 20 minutes for up to 4 hours
• Nebulizer: typically 0.63 mg three times a day; acute exacerbations allow for 1.25-2.5 mg every 20 minutes for three doses, then 1.25-5 mg every 1-4 hours as needed

Pediatric Dosage Guidelines

• MDI (ages 4-12): 2 puffs every 4-6 hours; acute cases allow for 2-4 puffs every 20 minutes for three doses, followed by 2-4 puffs every 1-4 hours as needed
• Nebulizer (ages 6-11): 0.31 mg three times a day; acute cases use 0.075 mg/kg (minimum 1.25 mg) every 20 minutes for three doses, followed by 0.075-0.15 mg/kg (maximum 5 mg) every 1-4 hours as needed

Special Considerations

• Classified as Pregnancy Class C; potential risks to the fetus should be considered.

Test your knowledge on Xopenex with these informative flashcards. Explore key concepts such as its generic name, drug class, routes of administration, and mechanism of action. Ideal for students and healthcare professionals looking to enhance their understanding of this medication.