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Questions and Answers
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike?
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike?
- To end religious violence
- To pressure India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan (correct)
- To expand womens rights
- To achieve swaraj or self-rule
When did Gandhi return to India?
When did Gandhi return to India?
- 1891
- 1893
- 1915 (correct)
- 1921
What did Gandhi adopt as a mark of identification with India's rural poor?
What did Gandhi adopt as a mark of identification with India's rural poor?
- A short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn (correct)
- A long dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn
- A short dhoti woven with machine-spun yarn
- A long dhoti woven with machine-spun yarn
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Study Notes
- Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in the coastal town of Porbandar in Gujarat, India.
- He trained as a lawyer and was called to the bar in 1891.
- Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit.
- He lived in South Africa for 21 years.
- During this time, he raised a family and first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights.
- In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.
- Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921.
- He led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule.
- Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor.
- He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest.
- In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence.
- The last of these, begun in Delhi on January 12, 1948, had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
- Gandhi died on January 30, 1948.
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