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What is the purpose of the engine in an automobile?

An engine converts heat from burning fuel into the force that turns the car's wheels.

What is the purpose of the intake manifold?

  • It helps to regulate the air-fuel mixture entering the engine
  • It cools the engine oil
  • It provides a seal between the cylinder head and block
  • It distributes clean air to the combustion mixture in the cylinders (correct)
  • The [BLANK] is the engine’s main body where all its vital parts are placed inside.

    engine block

    The crankshaft changes the piston's linear motion to rotational motion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the connecting rod?

    <p>Transfer the up-down or linear motion of the pistons to the crankshaft's rotational motion by attaching the pistons to the crankshaft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the piston in a four-stroke engine?

    <p>The main actors of the four-stroke cycle that transfer the explosive force of the burned expanded gases inside the cylinder to the crankshaft via connecting rod with its up and down motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the flywheel do?

    <p>The flywheel transfers the engine's power of rotational motion via crankshaft to the transmission system, allowing the wheels to turn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cylinder head?

    <p>Found just above the cylinder block, it contains the camshaft and the intake and exhaust valve assembly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the engine valves?

    <p>Found in the cylinder head, it lets the air in (intake valves) and out (exhaust valves) of the cylinders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the valve springs?

    <p>The valve springs help to lift the weight of the valves intake and exhaust during the stroke cycles with the right timing with the camshaft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the camshaft?

    <p>The camshaft is responsible for the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing actions at the right timing with the correct stroke interval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the head gasket do?

    <p>Acts as a sealer in between the cylinder head and block to avoid mixing of engine oil and coolant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fuel pump?

    <p>The fuel pump transfers and circulates fuel under pressure from the fuel tank, delivering it to the fuel lines and cylinders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the oil pump?

    <p>The oil pump transfers and circulates oil necessary for the engine's lubrication of its mechanical parts under pressure .</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the timing chain?

    <p>It transmits the crankshaft rotation to the camshaft, ensuring the timing of the valves (intake and exhaust).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the camshaft/valve cover?

    <p>The camshaft/valve cover closes and seals the cylinder head, protecting the parts inside while preventing oil leakage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oil pan used for?

    <p>The oil pan stores the engine oil and acts as the oil reservoir and cooling area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the oil filter?

    <p>The oil filter gets rid of and filters oil contaminants and particles as it circulates throughout the engine, keeping the engine clean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thermostat?

    <p>It controls the coolant going inside the radiator, ensuring the engine operates within the optimum temperature range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the radiator?

    <p>The radiator serves as the cooling area for the hot coolant coming from the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the starter?

    <p>The starter cranks the engine to start its operation, which then effectively starts the car.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the intake manifold?

    <p>The intake manifold moves and distributes clean air to the combustion mixture in the cylinders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the throttle body?

    <p>The throttle body controls the amount of clean air that will get into the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oil dipstick used to do?

    <p>The oil dipstick is used to measure the level of engine oil deposited in the oil pan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fuel injector?

    <p>The fuel injector injects and sprays atomized fuel to the premixed air-fuel mixture in the cylinders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the spark plug do?

    <p>The spark plug provides an electric spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture during the power stroke.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ignition coil?

    <p>The ignition coil converts low voltage from the battery to high voltage for the spark plugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the alternator?

    <p>The alternator supplies electrical power for the car's electrical and lighting systems, charging the battery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the exhaust manifold?

    <p>The exhaust manifold collects the waste gases from the combustion chambers and transports them to the emission system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the air filter do?

    <p>The air filter removes contaminants and particles from the air entering the engine, keeping the engine clean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the distributor do?

    <p>The distributor directs the high current voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in a specific order, to create spark for ignition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the car battery?

    <p>The car battery provides a source of stored electrical energy to start the engine and power the car's electrical systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between diesel and gasoline engines in terms of ignition?

    <p>Gasoline engines use a spark plug to ignite the fuel, while diesel engines rely on heat generated by compression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between diesel and gasoline engines when it comes to throttle body?

    <p>Gasoline engines have a throttle body, while diesel engines do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do gasoline engines achieve engine braking?

    <p>When the throttle is released, the throttle body closes, creating a vacuum in the cylinders. This vacuum forces the vehicle to slow down, providing engine braking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does engine braking work in a diesel engine?

    <p>Diesel engines achieve engine braking during the compression stroke. The exhaust valve is open, releasing compressed air into the exhaust system, which creates a loud noise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diesel fuel is generally more efficient than gasoline fuel.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you put diesel fuel in a gasoline engine?

    <p>It will not ignite or burn properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if you accidentally put gasoline fuel in a diesel engine?

    <p>It will cause detonation and damage the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An engine uses a mixture of air and fuel in the form of gasoline or diesel.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A typical electric car engine has around 200 parts.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You can find your car's engine type in the VIN.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Car Engine Parts

    • A car engine is a complex machine converting heat energy from burning gas into the force turning the wheels.
    • The engine's structure is robust, consisting of a lower cylinder block and a detachable upper cylinder head.
    • The cylinder head houses passages allowing air-fuel mixture to enter cylinders and exhaust gases to escape.
    • The crankshaft converts the reciprocating (up and down) motion of the pistons into rotary motion.
    • The camshaft, often in or above the head, opens and closes the valves.
    • The engine includes components like the intake manifold, exhaust manifold, water pump, pressure relief valve, oil filter, and oil pump.
    • The engine block is the main body, containing vital parts like pistons, crankshaft, camshaft, and valves.

    How a Car Engine Works

    • The internal combustion engine works by igniting a fuel-air mixture in a cylinder.
    • The engine consists of cylinders, pistons, fuel injectors, and spark plugs.
    • These parts work together to burn fuel and release expanding gases, pushing pistons down.
    • Each combustion results in a miniature explosion, propelling the piston and activating the crankshaft.
    • The process repeats throughout the engine's operation, resulting in a consistent power supply.
    • The energy produced turns the crankshaft, driving the wheels through a connected system of gears.

    Four-Stroke Cycle

    • The four-stroke cycle is the standard operation in most modern gasoline engines.
    • The four strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
    • The intake stroke draws in the air-fuel mixture.
    • The compression stroke compresses the mixture.
    • The power stroke ignites the mixture, pushing the piston down.
    • The exhaust stroke expels the burned gases.

    Diesel vs. Gasoline Engines

    • Both diesel and gasoline engines use similar structures, but differ in how they ignite the fuel-air mixture.
    • Gasoline engines use spark plugs to ignite the mixture, while diesel engines rely on extreme compression for ignition.
    • Diesel engines have a higher compression ratio than gasoline engines.
    • Diesel engines are typically more fuel-efficient.
    • Diesel engines typically don't include throttle bodies, controlling intake air directly using fuel injection alone.
    • Diesel braking happens differently than in gasoline engines, relying on the compression stroke and exhaust-valve operation.

    Engine Parts

    • Engine Block: The main body housing internal parts.
    • Crankshaft: Converts piston movement to rotational motion.
    • Connecting Rod: Transfers piston movement to the crankshaft.
    • Piston: The moving part within the cylinder that drives the crankshaft.
    • Flywheel: Transfers power from the crankshaft to the transmission.
    • Cylinder Head: The upper part containing valves and other components.
    • Engine Valves: Control the flow of exhaust and intake gases.
    • Valve Springs: Support and operate the valves.
    • Camshaft: Controls the opening and closing of the valves.
    • Head Gasket: Seals the cylinder head and block.
    • Fuel Pump: Delivers fuel at appropriate pressures to the injector.
    • Oil Pump: Provides engine lubrication.
    • Timing Chain or Belt: Synchronizes the camshaft and crankshaft rotation.
    • Oil Pan: Collectors for engine oil.
    • Oil Filter: Removes contaminants from the oil.
    • Thermostat: Regulates coolant temperature.
    • Radiator: Cools coolant.
    • Starter: Cranks the engine.
    • Intake Manifold: Conducts air into the engine.
    • Throttle Body: Controls air intake in gasoline engines.
    • Oil Dipstick: Measures oil level.
    • Fuel Injector: Sprays fuel into the combustion chamber.
    • Spark Plug: Produces the spark to ignite the fuel mixture.
    • Ignition Coil: Steps up voltage for the spark plug.
    • Alternator: Generates electricity for the car's systems.
    • Exhaust Manifold: Collects and directs exhaust gases.
    • Air Filter: Removes contaminants from the air.
    • Fuel Filter: Removes contaminants from the fuel.
    • Distributor: Directs the spark to the spark plugs (in older ignition systems).
    • Car Battery: Provides electrical power to start the engine and other systems.

    Additional Information

    • A typical internal combustion engine has ~200 parts.
    • Engine type can be identified using the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).

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