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Questions and Answers

What is the primary symptom that distinguishes bronchitis from other respiratory infections?

  • Nasal congestion
  • High fever
  • Productive cough (correct)
  • Sore throat

Which of the following best describes emphysema?

  • Inflammation of the bronchi
  • Destruction of alveoli (correct)
  • Mucus buildup in the airways
  • Aquatic breathing difficulties

During a status asthmaticus episode, which of the following management strategies is considered critical?

  • Encouraging deep breathing exercises
  • Administering oral antihistamines
  • Providing immediate oxygen therapy (correct)
  • Performing chest physiotherapy

What are common complications of cystic fibrosis in the respiratory system?

<p>Bronchial inflammation and prolonged cough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the pathophysiology of asthma?

<p>Reversible airway obstruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trigger is commonly associated with intrinsic asthma?

<p>Upper respiratory infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pneumonia is typically acquired outside of a healthcare setting?

<p>Community-acquired pneumonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of pneumonia caused by aspiration, what is the most common contributing factor?

<p>Impaired gag reflex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of acute bronchitis?

<p>High-grade fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common infectious agent causing opportunistic pneumonia in immunocompromised patients?

<p>Streptococcus pneumoniae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccination is essential for preventing severe influenza infection?

<p>Annual flu vaccine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can bronchial inflammation in asthma lead to if left untreated?

<p>Permanent airway remodeling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common complication of pneumonia?

<p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is primarily associated with the accumulation of mucus and leads to airway obstruction?

<p>Cystic fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes emphysema from bronchitis in the context of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

<p>Bronchitis involves chronic cough and excess sputum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the management of status asthmaticus, which of the following treatments is considered most critical?

<p>Bronchodilator therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is most frequently associated with cystic fibrosis?

<p>Respiratory infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary physiological mechanism involved in asthma pathophysiology?

<p>Airway hyperreactivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In chronic bronchitis, what is a common symptom that patients typically experience?

<p>Chronic productive cough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During acute respiratory failure, which of the following manifestations is a critical concern?

<p>Respiratory acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of emphysema?

<p>Increased mucus production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms associated with status asthmaticus?

<p>Severe wheezing and cough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does COVID-19 primarily affect the respiratory system?

<p>By leading to pneumonia and alveolar injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

<p>Irreversible tissue degeneration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the bronchi and excessive mucus production?

<p>Chronic bronchitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of an asthma attack typically peaks within 6 hours of symptom onset?

<p>Stage two (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can potentially lead to respiratory alkalosis and respiratory failure during an asthma attack?

<p>Status asthmaticus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is NOT associated with cystic fibrosis?

<p>Bronchospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hallmark manifestation of emphysema?

<p>Barrel chest appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a significant risk factor for developing lung cancer?

<p>First-hand or second-hand smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the acute exacerbation and air trapping in emphysema?

<p>Destruction of alveolar walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically a manifestation of severe cystic fibrosis?

<p>Chronic cough (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of a pulmonary embolism?

<p>Thrombus (blood clot) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these symptoms is NOT commonly associated with asthma?

<p>Hemoptysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological change occurs in patients with emphysema?

<p>Destruction of lung connective tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pneumothorax generally occurs in patients with existing lung disease?

<p>Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results from excessive fluid in the pleural cavity?

<p>Pleural effusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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