30 Questions
What is the energy of the X-ray photon emitted when an electron jumps from the M-shell to the K-shell?
hνmax
What type of radiation is produced when an electron is accelerated by a potential difference?
Bremsstrahlung radiation
What is the minimum wavelength of the X-ray spectrum when the accelerating voltage is 30 kV?
λmin
What is the name of the X-ray spectrum line produced when an electron jumps from the L-shell to the K-shell?
Kα line
What is the shape of the intensity-wavelength graph of the X-ray spectrum?
Continuous with a sharp cutoff
What is the relationship between the accelerating voltage and the wavelength of Kα X-rays?
The wavelength decreases with an increase in accelerating voltage.
What happens to the tightly bound electrons in the innermost shells of the target material when hit by fast-moving electrons?
They are knocked out of their shells, creating a vacancy.
What is the name of the scientist who studied the characteristic X-ray spectra of heavy elements and formulated a relation between the frequency of the X-rays and the atomic number of the target?
Mosley
What is the term for the continuous spectrum of X-rays produced when fast-moving electrons are slowed down by the target material?
Bremsstrahlung radiation
What is the term for the X-ray intensity curve, which rises gradually and then drops gradually?
Intensity curve
What is the primary factor that determines the penetration power of X-rays?
The potential difference between the cathode and the target
What type of radiation is produced when high-speed electrons are suddenly stopped upon hitting the target in an X-ray tube?
Bremsstrahlung radiation
What is the relationship between the wavelength of X-rays and their penetration power?
Shorter wavelength X-rays have greater penetration power
What is the primary factor that determines the intensity of X-rays produced in an X-ray tube?
The filament current
What is the characteristic of X-rays with a wavelength of 0.1 Å to 100 Å?
They have a low frequency and high penetration power
What determines the quality or penetration power of X-rays?
Potential difference between the cathode and the target
What type of radiation is produced in an X-ray tube?
Electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 0.1 Å - 100 Å
What is the relationship between the frequency of X-rays and the atomic number of the target?
Frequency of X-rays is directly proportional to the atomic number
What happens to the high-speed electrons when they penetrate the target in an X-ray tube?
They are stopped by the target material and lose their energy
What determines the intensity of X-rays produced in an X-ray tube?
The filament current
What is the shape of the intensity-wavelength graph of the characteristic X-ray spectrum?
A curve that rises gradually and then drops gradually
What is the relationship between the frequency of the X-rays and the atomic number of the target according to Moseley's Law?
The frequency of the X-rays is directly proportional to the square of the atomic number
What is the application of X-rays in the study of crystal structure?
X-ray diffraction
What is the use of X-rays in medical science?
All of the above
What is the minimum wavelength of the X-ray spectrum determined by?
The accelerating voltage
What is the primary reason for the limited use of X-rays in Radar?
They are not reflected by the target
What is the relationship between the intensity of X-rays and the current through the filament?
The intensity of X-rays is directly proportional to the current
What is the primary factor that affects the energy of the X-ray photons emitted?
The voltage applied between the cathode and anode
What is the effect of long exposure to X-rays on the human body?
It is injurious to the human body
What is the primary reason why lead is used as a shielding material for X-rays?
It is a good absorber of X-rays
This quiz covers the characteristics of X-rays, including their intensity and wavelength. It also explains how X-rays are produced when fast-moving electrons interact with target material, and the different series of X-rays, such as K-series and L-series.
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