X-Ray Tube: Focal Spot Size

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Questions and Answers

The focusing cup is a negatively charged component designed to narrow the ______ cloud.

thermionic

The region of the anode target where electrons interact to produce x-rays is known as the ______ spot.

focal

For imaging small body parts with better spatial resolution, a ______ focal spot is preferred.

small

Using a small focal spot comes with the limitation of not permitting the use of higher ______.

<p>mA</p> Signup and view all the answers

A large focal spot is utilized to tolerate high ______ loading, which permits the capability to image larger body parts.

<p>heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] spot blooming, which degrades image quality, is more likely to occur when mA is increased.

<p>Focal</p> Signup and view all the answers

When operating at 400 mA or higher, only the ______ filament is typically allowed for x-ray production.

<p>large</p> Signup and view all the answers

The circular path impacted by the electron beam on a rotating anode is referred to as the focal ______.

<p>track</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ point is the specific area of the focal track that the electron stream impacts at any given moment.

<p>focal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The physical area of the focal track that is exposed to electrons from the tube current is known as the ______ focal spot.

<p>actual</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the line focus principle, a steeper anode angle results in a smaller ______ focal spot size.

<p>actual</p> Signup and view all the answers

The length of the ______ and the anode angle are the 2 factors that directly determine the size of the actual focal spot.

<p>filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ focus principle states that by angling the anode target, a large actual focal spot can project a smaller effective focal spot.

<p>line</p> Signup and view all the answers

The area projected onto the patient and image receptor is known as the ______ focal spot.

<p>effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ focal spot is the area of the focal spot that is projected out of the tube and towards the object radiographed.

<p>effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

The size and angle of the ______ focal spot determines the size of the effective focal spot.

<p>actual</p> Signup and view all the answers

A higher anode angle results in a small actual focal spot size but a ______ effective focal spot size.

<p>large</p> Signup and view all the answers

For heavy tube loading cases, it is better to utilized the ______ focal spot over the alternative.

<p>large</p> Signup and view all the answers

When electrons hit a larger than targeted area and cause degradation to the image it is called focal spot ______.

<p>blooming</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is designed to house the filament in the x-ray tube.

<p>focusing cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Focusing Cup

A metal shroud that surrounds the filament, housing it and narrowing the thermionic cloud. It is negatively charged.

Focal Spot

The region of the anode target where electrons interact to produce x-rays. It functions as the actual x-ray source.

Small Focal Spot

Used for imaging small body parts, requiring better spatial resolution and sharp images, but does not permit high mA.

Large Focal Spot

Used for imaging large body parts and tolerating high heat loading, but may result in images with less detail.

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Focal Spot Blooming

Occurs when electrons hit a larger area than the targeted focal spot due to excessive heat, which is exacerbated by increased mA or OID.

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Focal Track

Represents the circular path on the rotating anode that is impacted by the electron beam over time.

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Focal Point

The specific area of the focal track that is struck by the electron stream at any given moment.

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Actual Focal Spot

The physical area of the anode target exposed to electrons from the tube current, controlled by the length of the filament and the anode angle.

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Line Focus Principle

The angle affects the size of the effective focal spot. A smaller angle results in a smaller effective focal spot.

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Effective Focal Spot

The area of the focal spot projected towards the patient and image receptor.

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Study Notes

  • The focusing cup is a negatively charged metal shroud that surrounds the filament and narrows the thermionic cloud

Focal Spot

  • The focal spot, also called the target, focus, or focal point, is the region of the anode target where electrons interact to produce x-rays
  • It is the actual x-ray source
  • Size can be small or large
  • Shape can be circular or a "double banana"

Small Focal Spot

  • Employed when imaging smaller body parts
  • Associated with the small filament
  • Used when better spatial resolution is required to produce sharp images
  • Used for fine detail studies
  • Does not permit the use of higher mA
  • Range of 0.1-1.0mm
  • Limited by heat concentration in a smaller area

Large Focal Spot

  • Used when imaging larger body parts
  • Associated with the large filament
  • Used to tolerate high heat loading
  • Range of 0.3-2.0 mm
  • Used for heavy tube loading

Disadvantage of Large Focal Spot: Focal Spot Blooming

  • Focal spot blooming is when electrons hit a larger spot instead of just the targeted focal spot due to increased heat
  • Occurs when mA is increased
  • Occurs when OID is increased

mA Station Selector

  • Lower mA (300 mA or less): Small and Large Filaments allowed
  • Higher mA (400 mA or up): Only Large Filament allowed

Focal Track

  • Represents the circular path impacted by the electron beam, associated with the rotating anode

Focal Point

  • The area of the focal track that is impacted by the electron stream at one time

Actual Focal Spot

  • The area of the anode target exposed to electrons from the tube current
  • The physical area of the focal track that is impacted
  • Controlled by the length of the filament and the anode angle (Line Focus Principle)

Line Focus Principle

  • The anode target area is angled
  • High Angle = Small actual focal spot size, large effective focal spot size
  • Less Angle = Large actual focal spot size, and effective focal spot size

Effective Focal Spot

  • The effective target area
  • The area projected onto the patient and image receptor
  • Controlled by the size and angle of the actual focal spot

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