10 Questions
What causes the emission of X-ray photons in Bremsstrahlung radiation?
An electron being decelerated by the nucleus' electric field
What does the amount of Bremsstrahlung radiation depend on?
The number of protons and the kV peak
What happens during the characteristic X-ray emission?
An electron fills a vacancy created by an ejected electron
What parameter represents the initial beam intensity in the X-ray attenuation equation?
$I_0$
What does the linear attenuation coefficient measure?
The probability of photon interaction per unit length
In the equation $I=I_0e^{-rac{ ho L}{m}}$, what does $x$ represent?
The thickness of the attenuator
Which type of radiation is emitted when an electron is decelerated by the positive electric field of a nucleus?
Bremsstrahlung radiation
What happens to the ejected electron in characteristic X-ray emission?
It forms a vacancy in the electron shell
What is the numerical value for $e$ in the exponential term of the X-ray attenuation formula?
2.718
Which process involves an outer shell electron filling a vacancy in an inner electron shell?
Characteristic X-ray emission
Study Notes
Types of X-rays
- Bremsstrahlung Spectrum (Continuous X-ray) is produced when accelerated electrons are decelerated by the positive electric field of an atomic nucleus, emitting X-ray photons of equal energy.
Bremsstrahlung Radiation
- Occurs when electrons change direction, losing kinetic energy, which is emitted as an X-ray photon.
- The amount of bremsstrahlung depends on the number of protons in the target and the kV peak.
Characteristic X-ray
- Produced when an electron interacts with an atomic electron within the anode, ejecting it from its shell.
- The ejected electron vacancy is filled by an outer shell electron, emitting an X-ray photon with energy equal to the binding energy difference between the two shells.
X-ray Absorption by Tissue
- X-ray attenuation is the reduction of the X-ray beam due to absorption and scattering.
- Attenuation of an X-ray beam can be measured using the equation: I=I₀e^(–μx).
Attenuation Equation Variables
- I₀ = initial beam intensity
- I = unattenuated (transmitted) beam intensity
- μ = linear attenuation coefficient
- e = 2.718
- x = thickness of the attenuator (e.g., brain tumor, bone, aluminum)
Linear Attenuation Coefficient (μ)
- Measures the probability that a photon interacts (is absorbed or scattered) per unit length it travels in a specified material.
Learn about the different types of X-ray spectra, including Bremsstrahlung or Continuous X-ray, and its properties.
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