X-ray Production - History and Discovery Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Bremsstrahlung' mean?

  • Energy released during electron transition
  • High energy photon radiation
  • Slowing down or braking (correct)
  • Bonding energy in electrons
  • What is the kinetic energy of the ejected electron?

  • 59.3 keV
  • 0.02 keV
  • 69 keV (correct)
  • 10.2 keV
  • What is the energy of characteristic X-rays of Tungsten?

  • 0.02 keV
  • 69 keV
  • 10.18 keV (correct)
  • 10.2 keV
  • What determines the energy of bremsstrahlung photons produced?

    <p>Distance of the electron from the nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do X-ray photons of bremsstrahlung origin have energies as high as the peak kilovoltage?

    <p>High energy interactions with nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does passing the nucleus affect the kinetic energy lost by the electron?

    <p>Increases kinetic energy loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the focusing cup in an x-ray tube?

    <p>To focus the electrons onto the target (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the potential difference and the speed of the projectile electrons?

    <p>The potential difference and the speed of electrons are directly proportional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the high vacuum in an x-ray tube?

    <p>To prevent the electrons from colliding with air molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which electrons are decelerated when they hit the target in an x-ray tube?

    <p>They transfer their kinetic energy to the target atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons in an x-ray tube?

    <p>The potential difference between the cathode and anode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons and the energy of the x-rays produced in an x-ray tube?

    <p>The kinetic energy of the electrons is only partially converted to x-ray energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen experimenting on when he discovered X-rays?

    <p>Crooke's tube covered with black paper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Roentgen notice glowing when the Crookes tube was activated?

    <p>Barium platinocyanide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Roentgen conclude about the invisible ray that emanated from the Crookes tube?

    <p>It penetrated the black paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Roentgen give his preliminary report on X-rays to the president of the Wuerzburg Physical-Medical Society?

    <p>December 28, 1895 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Roentgen's discovery spread to the scientific community?

    <p>Through newspapers like the New York Times (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which object was used to illustrate the properties of X-rays in Roentgen's experiment?

    <p>His wife's hand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the kinetic energy of the electron is converted to heat energy at the anode?

    <p>Approximately 99% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interaction occurs when the incident electron interacts with an inner-shell electron and ionizes the atom?

    <p>Characteristic interaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the projectile electrons interact with the outer-shell electrons but do not transfer sufficient energy to ionize them?

    <p>The outer-shell electrons are raised to an excited, or higher, energy level and then immediately drop back to their normal energy with the emission of infrared radiation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation is emitted when electrons transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state?

    <p>X-rays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kinetic energy of the projectile electron is directly proportional to which two factors?

    <p>Mass and velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the mass of an electron as its velocity increases?

    <p>The mass of the electron increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an incident electron with a kinetic energy of 63 keV leaves the atom with 37 keV, what is the energy of the bremsstrahlung x-ray emitted?

    <p>26 keV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of the exiting electron and the energy of the bremsstrahlung radiation in the atom interactions?

    <p>The kinetic energy of the exiting electron equals the initial kinetic energy minus the energy of bremsstrahlung radiation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of x-rays are those that travel in a different direction after interacting with matter?

    <p>Scattered x-rays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In atom interactions, what are leakage x-rays?

    <p>X-rays able to penetrate the protective housing of the x-ray tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do remnant x-rays refer to in radiography?

    <p>X-rays passing through the patient's body without interaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a projectile electron initially has a kinetic energy of 85 keV and exits an atom with 59 keV, what is the energy of the bremsstrahlung x-ray emitted?

    <p>26 keV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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