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Questions and Answers
What is the wavelength range of X-rays?
What is the wavelength range of X-rays?
How do X-rays travel through space?
How do X-rays travel through space?
What is the speed of X-rays?
What is the speed of X-rays?
Do X-rays require a medium for propagation?
Do X-rays require a medium for propagation?
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What is the process of converting atoms into ions by X-rays called?
What is the process of converting atoms into ions by X-rays called?
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Which property of X-rays is used in diagnostic radiology?
Which property of X-rays is used in diagnostic radiology?
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What is the basis for X-ray measurement and the definition of the unit of X-ray quantity?
What is the basis for X-ray measurement and the definition of the unit of X-ray quantity?
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What is the end product of the chemical reactions induced by radiations?
What is the end product of the chemical reactions induced by radiations?
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What is the state produced in biological materials when X-rays are incident on an atom?
What is the state produced in biological materials when X-rays are incident on an atom?
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What type of effect ranges from a simple sunburn to severe dermatitis, to changes in the blood supply and/or malignancy?
What type of effect ranges from a simple sunburn to severe dermatitis, to changes in the blood supply and/or malignancy?
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What is the effect of radiation induced mutation of genes and chromosomes known as?
What is the effect of radiation induced mutation of genes and chromosomes known as?
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What is the process in which X-rays induce color changes of several substances or their solutions?
What is the process in which X-rays induce color changes of several substances or their solutions?
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What brings about molecular changes in biological molecules when exposed to radiation?
What brings about molecular changes in biological molecules when exposed to radiation?
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What is the property of X-rays used in the treatment of malignant lesions?
What is the property of X-rays used in the treatment of malignant lesions?
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What does the photographic paper or film appear as when exposed to X-ray radiation and then developed?
What does the photographic paper or film appear as when exposed to X-ray radiation and then developed?
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What is the degree of blackening of the film or paper called?
What is the degree of blackening of the film or paper called?
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What type of spectra are produced by the collision of electrons with tungsten atoms?
What type of spectra are produced by the collision of electrons with tungsten atoms?
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What determines the energy carried by an X-ray beam?
What determines the energy carried by an X-ray beam?
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Which mechanism of interaction involves deflection without energy loss and is used for investigating molecular structure through X-ray diffraction?
Which mechanism of interaction involves deflection without energy loss and is used for investigating molecular structure through X-ray diffraction?
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What occurs when an incident photon collides with a bound electron, leading to emission of characteristic radiation and atom ionization?
What occurs when an incident photon collides with a bound electron, leading to emission of characteristic radiation and atom ionization?
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In which type of scattering does the angle through which the photon is scattered depend on the energy lost by the photon?
In which type of scattering does the angle through which the photon is scattered depend on the energy lost by the photon?
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What happens in case of head-on collision in Compton scattering?
What happens in case of head-on collision in Compton scattering?
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What process causes biological damage due to further ionizing interactions within tissues?
What process causes biological damage due to further ionizing interactions within tissues?
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What percentage of photons absorbed from a dental X-ray beam are absorbed by the photoelectric process?
What percentage of photons absorbed from a dental X-ray beam are absorbed by the photoelectric process?
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What affects the intensity of X-rays passing through matter, with three mechanisms of interaction: coherent scattering, photoelectric effect, and Compton scattering?
What affects the intensity of X-rays passing through matter, with three mechanisms of interaction: coherent scattering, photoelectric effect, and Compton scattering?
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What is the name for the interaction of photons with free or loosely bound electrons, resulting in scattered photons with reduced energy and increased wavelength?
What is the name for the interaction of photons with free or loosely bound electrons, resulting in scattered photons with reduced energy and increased wavelength?
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What law do X-rays obey in free space, where intensity varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source?
What law do X-rays obey in free space, where intensity varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source?
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What depends on the energy carried by the X-ray beam, determined by factors such as kilo voltage, milli amperage, and target material?
What depends on the energy carried by the X-ray beam, determined by factors such as kilo voltage, milli amperage, and target material?
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Study Notes
X-ray Production and Interaction with Matter
- X-rays obey the inverse square law in free space, where intensity varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source.
- X-rays are produced by the collision of electrons with tungsten atoms, resulting in two types of spectra: continuous and characteristic.
- The quality and penetration of X-rays depend on the energy carried by the X-ray beam, determined by factors such as kilo voltage, milli amperage, and target material.
- Attenuation, absorption, and scatter affect the intensity of X-rays passing through matter, with three mechanisms of interaction: coherent scattering, photoelectric effect, and Compton scattering.
- Coherent scattering involves deflection without energy loss and is used for investigating molecular structure through X-ray diffraction.
- The photoelectric effect occurs when an incident photon collides with a bound electron, leading to emission of characteristic radiation and atom ionization.
- Compton scattering involves interaction of photons with free or loosely bound electrons, resulting in scattered photons with reduced energy and increased wavelength.
- The angle through which the photon is scattered in Compton scattering depends on the energy lost by the photon.
- In case of head-on collision in Compton scattering, the photon is turned back along its track and maximum energy is transferred to the recoil electron.
- Recoil electrons in Compton scattering undergo further ionizing interactions within tissues, causing biological damage.
- About 30% of photons absorbed from a dental X-ray beam are absorbed by the photoelectric process.
- The intensity of X-rays passing through matter is reduced due to attenuation, absorption, and scattering processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge of X-ray production and interaction with matter with this quiz. Explore topics such as X-ray spectra, beam energy factors, attenuation mechanisms, and photon interactions. Sharpen your understanding of coherent scattering, photoelectric effect, and Compton scattering, and their implications in various applications, including X-ray diffraction and biological damage.
