X-ray Production and Emission Spectrums

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Questions and Answers

Which factor affects radiation quantity ONLY by controlling the number of projectile electrons used for x-ray production?

mAs (correct)

Target material

kVp

Filtration

Which factor affects radiation quantity, average beam energy, and maximum photon energy?

Filtration

Target material

kVp (correct)

mAs

What units are used for exposure?

kVp

mAs

C/kg

Roentgen (correct)

What does the amplitude of an X-ray emission spectrum indicate?

Quantity of photons Signup and view all the answers

What does the location of peak amplitude (‘hump’) in an X-ray emission spectrum indicate?

Average beam energy Signup and view all the answers

What does the highest energy at the end of the continuous portion in an X-ray emission spectrum depend on?

kVp setting Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation to determine the total number of x-rays emitted from the x-ray tube?

Total no. of x-rays emitted = area under the curve of the emission spectrum Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects radiation quantity by changing the intensity or quantity of x-rays in the useful beam?

mAs Signup and view all the answers

What does Bushong use interchangeably with intensity?

Exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing mAs from 20mAs to 40mAs while all other conditions remain the same?

Increase in radiation quantity Signup and view all the answers

According to the inverse square law, if the distance from the source is doubled, the intensity of the radiation will

be halved Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the area under the curve when the tube voltage is increased?

Area2 = (kV2/kV1)^2 x Area1 Signup and view all the answers

If an initial exposure was made using 62 kVp and 10mAs, and the total area under the curve was 6.3 cm2, what would be the area under the curve if the tube voltage was raised to 70 kVp?

8.0 cm2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between kVp and the area under the curve?

The area under the curve increases Signup and view all the answers

If the exposure measured at 90 cm from the source was 400 mR, what would be the exposure if the object moved to 180 cm away from the source?

1600 mR Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the direct square law?

mAs1/mAs2 = (d1/d2)^2 Signup and view all the answers

If the initial mAs used was 5mAs and the SID was increased from 90 cm to 180 cm, what would be the new mAs needed to maintain the X-ray intensity reaching the image receptor?

20 mAs Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased kVp on the distribution of emitted x-ray energy?

The distribution shifts to the right Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of added filtration on the beam intensity?

The beam intensity decreases Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the efficiency of Brems and Characteristic production as kVp increases?

The efficiency increases Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Factors Affecting Radiation Quantity

The number of projectile electrons used for x-ray production affects radiation quantity.
mA (milliamps) affects radiation quantity, average beam energy, and maximum photon energy.

Exposure and Units

Exposure is measured in units of Roentgens (R) or Coulombs per kilogram (C/kg).

X-ray Emission Spectrum

The amplitude of an X-ray emission spectrum indicates the intensity of the x-rays.
The location of peak amplitude (‘hump’) in an X-ray emission spectrum indicates the most probable energy of the x-rays.
The highest energy at the end of the continuous portion in an X-ray emission spectrum depends on the tube voltage (kVp).

X-ray Tube and Emission

The equation to determine the total number of x-rays emitted from the x-ray tube is not provided.
mA affects radiation quantity by changing the intensity or quantity of x-rays in the useful beam.

Intensity and Bushong

Bushong uses intensity and flux interchangeably with intensity.

mA and Exposure

Increasing mAs from 20mAs to 40mAs while keeping all other conditions the same will double the exposure.

Inverse Square Law

According to the inverse square law, if the distance from the source is doubled, the intensity of the radiation will decrease by a factor of four.

Area Under the Curve

The formula for calculating the area under the curve when the tube voltage is increased is not provided.
If an initial exposure was made using 62 kVp and 10mAs, and the total area under the curve was 6.3 cm², the area under the curve would be higher if the tube voltage was raised to 70 kVp.
kVp and the area under the curve are directly proportional.

Exposure and Distance

If the exposure measured at 90 cm from the source was 400 mR, the exposure would be 100 mR if the object moved to 180 cm away from the source.
The formula for the inverse square law is: I₁ / I₂ = (d₂ / d₁)².

mAs and SID

If the initial mAs used was 5mAs and the SID was increased from 90 cm to 180 cm, the new mAs needed to maintain the X-ray intensity reaching the image receptor would be 20mAs.

kVp Effects

Increased kVp shifts the distribution of emitted x-ray energy towards higher energies.
Added filtration reduces the beam intensity.
As kVp increases, the efficiency of Brems and Characteristic production also increases.

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Description

Test your knowledge on X-ray production and emission spectrums in this quiz. Explore topics such as mAs, kVp, filtration, target material, and the inverse and direct square laws. Determine the total number of x-rays emitted from the x-ray tube by understanding the emission spectrum graph.