X-Ray Imaging

What is the term for the blurred edge of an object in the X-ray image?

What is the formula to calculate the width of the penumbra?

What is the purpose of using grids in X-ray imaging?

What is the main disadvantage of using grids in X-ray imaging?

What is the purpose of X-ray beam filtration?

What type of materials are used as filters in X-ray beam filtration?

Why are low-energy X-rays removed from the X-ray beam?

X-ray Imaging Challenges

Blurring is a major issue in obtaining high-quality X-ray images, causing edges of objects in the image to appear blurry, known as penumbra.
The penumbra width (P) can be calculated using the formula: 𝒑 = 𝑫 / 𝑳, where D is the focal spot size and L is the distance.

Reducing Scatter Radiation

Scatter radiation is a significant problem in X-ray imaging, particularly in thicker body parts like the abdomen or pelvis.
Scatter radiation can be reduced using grids, which consist of lead and plastic strips aligned to absorb scattered radiation and allow the main beam photons to pass through.
However, grids have a disadvantage: they increase the radiation dose to the patient, as they can absorb some primary beam photons.

X-ray Beam Filtration

Low-energy X-rays do not penetrate the entire body thickness, increasing the patient's radiation dose without improving image quality.
Filters, such as thin plates of aluminum, copper, or other materials, can be placed in the beam in front of the X-ray tube window to remove low-energy radiation.

This quiz covers the basics of X-ray imaging, including the concept of penumbra, focal spot size, and scatter radiation reduction techniques for obtaining good X-ray images.