X-ray Beam Attenuation Quiz

False (B)

Half value thickness (H½)

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aluminium = Measuring HVT in diagnostic radiography Copper = Measuring HVT in therapy Lead = Effective shielding for x-ray rooms Water = HVT similar to soft tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scattering and absorption of photons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The attenuated X-ray beam that passes through the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>attenuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color of the tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scattering = Photon is deflected and loses energy Absorption = Photon loses all energy to the atom Transmission = Photon passes through without interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjusting the beam energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It appears white. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic number, relative density, and thickness of the tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>attenuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone = White Air = Black Fluid = Grey Soft tissue = Grey</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone absorbs most radiation, resulting in less exposure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The composite shadow appears more opaque than either tissue individually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fraction of x-rays removed from the beam per unit thickness of the attenuating material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transmitted intensity decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>exponential</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear attenuation coefficient = Fraction of x-rays removed per unit thickness Incident intensity = Intensity of x-rays before entering the attenuator Transmitted intensity = Intensity of x-rays after passing through the material Monochromatic radiation = Radiation of a single wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Area and atomic number of the material, spacing between atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To be calculated using the exponential attenuation formula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>linear attenuation coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attenuation is lower in a less dense medium. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reduction in intensity of x-ray photons as they pass through a material.

The thickness of a material that reduces the intensity of radiation to half its original value.

Linear attenuation coefficient, µ, is a measure of how much a material attenuates radiation. It depends on the energy of the radiation and the material's composition.

A process where x-ray photons interact with atoms in the body, causing them to change direction or lose energy.

A process where x-ray photons are absorbed by atoms in the body, transferring their energy to the atoms.

The decrease in intensity of an x-ray beam as it passes through matter. This happens due to interactions between photons and atomic structures in the tissue.

When an x-ray photon interacts with an atom in the body, it can be deflected (scattering) or lose all its energy (absorption).

The x-ray beam that has passed through the patient and has been weakened by attenuation. This is what creates the image on the detector.

Thicker objects absorb more x-rays, leading to less radiation reaching the detector.

Materials with higher atomic numbers (like bone) absorb more x-rays. This is why bones appear white on an x-ray.

Denser tissues (like bone) have more atoms in a given space, leading to more x-ray absorption.

Higher energy x-ray beams penetrate tissue better and attenuate less. This is why different techniques are used for different body parts.

The process of attenuation allows us to differentiate tissues based on their density and atomic number, enabling us to create images of the inside of the body.

Radiopaque objects appear whiter on a radiograph due to greater X-ray absorption, while less radiopaque objects appear darker.

The atomic number of an element determines its ability to absorb X-rays. Higher atomic number means greater X-ray absorption.

The density of a material affects X-ray absorption. Denser materials absorb more X-rays.

The thickness of a tissue or object directly impacts X-ray absorption. Thicker tissues absorb more X-rays.

The amount of X-rays that pass through a material is reduced exponentially as the material's thickness increases.

A measure of how much a material absorbs X-rays. It depends on atomic number, density, and thickness.

The process of creating an image by exposing photographic film to X-rays.

The variation in X-ray absorption by different tissues results in a range of gray shades on a radiograph.

X-rays are a type of ionizing radiation, which means they can remove electrons from atoms, potentially damaging cells.

The relationship between the intensity of radiation entering a material and the intensity exiting (transmitted) is exponential. This means the intensity decreases rapidly as it passes through the material.

The plot of the relationship between incident and transmitted intensity, showing how the intensity of X-rays decreases as they pass through a material.

The kinetic energy of X-rays per unit mass of tissue. It expresses the amount of energy that the radiation carries, and how it affects the tissue it interacts with.

This refers to the specific amount of X-ray energy that is removed from a beam by a material per unit thickness. It depends on the material and the energy of the X-rays.

High atomic number materials have a higher probability of attenuating X-rays because they contain more electrons that can interact with the incoming radiation.

A dense medium, even with the same atomic number, will attenuate X-rays more effectively because the atoms are closer together, increasing the likelihood of interactions.

The total linear attenuation coefficient is characteristic of a specific material and varies with the energy of the incident radiation. This means different materials will absorb different amounts of X-rays and the amount of absorption also changes with the energy of the X-rays.

Thinner layers of material allow more of the X-ray beam through, resulting in higher transmitted intensity.

The total linear attenuation coefficient represents the fraction of X-rays removed from a beam as it passes through a unit thickness of material. This is measured per unit thickness and provides a measure of how much the intensity decreases for every unit of material.