10 Questions
Atomic radii are the measure of the size of the ______.
atom
The wave mechanical picture of an atom depicts an atom as composed of a compact nucleus surrounded by an ______.
electron cloud
The radius of an atom can be defined as the distance from the centre of the nucleus to the point where the ______ density is virtually zero.
electron
We can not have one set of atomic radii applicable under all ______.
conditions
Pertaining to the four major types of bonding, the atomic radii to be measured are: ______ radius.
covalent
It is possible to determine the distance between the nuclei of bonded atoms by employing ______ and electron diffraction techniques.
Spectroscopic or X-ray
The ______ radius is measured when an atom is occupying a lattice site of the crystal.
crystal or metallic
The size of a neutral atom will be different from the one when it is present as a ______ or anion.
cation
The ______ radius is measured when an atom is colliding with another atom in the gaseous state.
Vander Waals
The atomic radii are important because other atomic properties like ______ energy, electron affinity and electronegativity are related to them.
ionization
Study Notes
Ionic Radii
- Ionic radii are estimated rather than measured accurately
- There are two types of ionic radii: cation radii and anion radii
- Cations are generally smaller than anions, except for rubidium and caesium cations
- Ionic radii are influenced by the loss of electrons from the outer shell and the increase in overall positive charge
Factors Affecting Atomic Radii
- The principal quantum number (n) affects atomic radii
- The effective nuclear charge (Z*) also affects atomic radii
- A higher effective nuclear charge results in a smaller radius
Atomic Radii
- Atomic radii are the measure of the size of an atom
- Atomic radii are important because they relate to other atomic properties like ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity
- The wave mechanical picture of an atom depicts an atom as a compact nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud
Measurement of Atomic Radii
- Atomic radii can be defined as the distance from the centre of the nucleus to the point where the electron density is virtually zero
- Measuring atomic radii is problematic due to variations in bonding conditions
- Four types of atomic radii can be measured: covalent radius, crystal or metallic radius, van der Waals radius, and ionic radius
This quiz covers the analysis of ionic crystals using X-ray technology to determine ionic radii and internuclear distances.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
