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Questions and Answers

What is the common core structure shared by amino acids?

  • 3D structure
  • Nucleotides
  • Catalytic site
  • Peptide bonds (correct)

What is the main goal of the folding of the primary sequence of a protein?

  • To facilitate cell division
  • To enhance energy generation
  • To create a groove for catalytic activity (correct)
  • To produce structural RNA molecules

What process allows all cells to take in food and generate energy?

  • Polymerization
  • Autocatalytic process (correct)
  • Translation
  • Transcription

What directs the order of amino acids that produce proteins?

<p>Order of nucleotides in DNA and RNA molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do proteins perform that allows cells to undergo transcription and translation?

<p>Important catalytic processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the segment of DNA sequence corresponding to a single protein or RNA molecule represent?

<p>Gene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

<p>DNA to RNA to protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule serves as the template for the synthesis of RNA during transcription?

<p>DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of newly generated protein chains during translation?

<p>Amino acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the building blocks of polymers in DNA?

<p>Nucleotides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond links nucleotides to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of a DNA strand?

<p>Phosphodiester bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are there between a guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair in DNA?

<p>3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the orientation of the backbone of the template strand in DNA?

<p>'3 end' to '5 end' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule has a short lifetime and is more abundant, moving from nucleus to cytoplasm?

<p>RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions can RNA molecules exhibit catalytic activity?

<p>Under certain conditions, regardless of temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important terminology associated with DNA?

<p>Nucleotide, nucleoside, templated polymerisation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the catalytic site in the folding of a protein?

<p>It allows the enzyme to catalyze a reaction specific for that enzyme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the central dogma of molecular biology describe?

<p>The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, what directs the order of amino acids that produce proteins?

<p>The sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of noncoding RNAs in cells?

<p>To regulate gene expression and cellular processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental goal of an autocatalytic process in cells?

<p>To enable cells to take in food and use energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the optimal amino acid sequence in a protein?

<p>To enable the protein to fold into its 3D structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA replication?

<p>To generate copies of the DNA molecule for cell division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the sugar-phosphate bonds in DNA?

<p>They form the sugar-phosphate backbone of a DNA strand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon is common to all living species and is central to the definition of life?

<p>Heredity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of noncoding RNAs in cells?

<p>To regulate gene expression and cellular processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

<p>DNA replication leads to RNA and then protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the building blocks of polymers in DNA?

<p>Nucleotides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature contributes to the polarity of DNA strands?

<p>The opposite orientation of the sugar-phosphate backbones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions can RNA molecules exhibit catalytic activity?

<p>When they form specific 3D structures known as ribozymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA in cells?

<p>To translate genetic information from DNA into proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 3 hydrogen bonds between guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair in DNA?

<p>They stabilize the double helix structure of DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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