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Questions and Answers

What is the common core structure shared by amino acids?

  • 3D structure
  • Nucleotides
  • Catalytic site
  • Peptide bonds (correct)
  • What is the main goal of the folding of the primary sequence of a protein?

  • To facilitate cell division
  • To enhance energy generation
  • To create a groove for catalytic activity (correct)
  • To produce structural RNA molecules
  • What process allows all cells to take in food and generate energy?

  • Polymerization
  • Autocatalytic process (correct)
  • Translation
  • Transcription
  • What directs the order of amino acids that produce proteins?

    <p>Order of nucleotides in DNA and RNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do proteins perform that allows cells to undergo transcription and translation?

    <p>Important catalytic processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the segment of DNA sequence corresponding to a single protein or RNA molecule represent?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

    <p>DNA to RNA to protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule serves as the template for the synthesis of RNA during transcription?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the building block of newly generated protein chains during translation?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the building blocks of polymers in DNA?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond links nucleotides to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of a DNA strand?

    <p>Phosphodiester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrogen bonds are there between a guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair in DNA?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the backbone of the template strand in DNA?

    <p>'3 end' to '5 end'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule has a short lifetime and is more abundant, moving from nucleus to cytoplasm?

    <p>RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions can RNA molecules exhibit catalytic activity?

    <p>Under certain conditions, regardless of temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important terminology associated with DNA?

    <p>Nucleotide, nucleoside, templated polymerisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the catalytic site in the folding of a protein?

    <p>It allows the enzyme to catalyze a reaction specific for that enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the central dogma of molecular biology describe?

    <p>The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, what directs the order of amino acids that produce proteins?

    <p>The sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of noncoding RNAs in cells?

    <p>To regulate gene expression and cellular processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental goal of an autocatalytic process in cells?

    <p>To enable cells to take in food and use energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the optimal amino acid sequence in a protein?

    <p>To enable the protein to fold into its 3D structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA replication?

    <p>To generate copies of the DNA molecule for cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the sugar-phosphate bonds in DNA?

    <p>They form the sugar-phosphate backbone of a DNA strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is common to all living species and is central to the definition of life?

    <p>Heredity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of noncoding RNAs in cells?

    <p>To regulate gene expression and cellular processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

    <p>DNA replication leads to RNA and then protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the building blocks of polymers in DNA?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature contributes to the polarity of DNA strands?

    <p>The opposite orientation of the sugar-phosphate backbones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions can RNA molecules exhibit catalytic activity?

    <p>When they form specific 3D structures known as ribozymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of RNA in cells?

    <p>To translate genetic information from DNA into proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 3 hydrogen bonds between guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair in DNA?

    <p>They stabilize the double helix structure of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

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