WWI Causes Flashcards - Chapter 14

The Balkans are in Southeast Europe. They were referred to as the powder keg of Europe because tensions and conflicts in the region contributed to the outbreak of WWI.

WWI began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which led Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, pulling in Russia as Serbia's ally.

<p>Franz Ferdinand was the archduke of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Black Hand was a Serbian nationalist terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Britain had to protect its vast overseas empire and thus increased naval spending significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalism manifested differently across nations: Germany was proud of military power, France was bitter from previous defeat, Russia promoted Pan-Slavism, and Serbia sought independence from the Ottoman Empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Schlieffen Plan was Germany's strategy to avoid a two-front war by first quickly defeating France before turning to Russia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>England joined WWI after Germany invaded neutral Belgium, which violated a treaty guaranteeing Belgium's neutrality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the start of the war, Italy was initially allied with the Central Powers but later switched to the Allies in 1915.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Schlieffen Plan failed due to faster than expected Russian mobilization and effective resistance from British and French troops, notably at the First Battle of the Marne.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The First Battle of the Marne ended Germany's hopes for a quick victory on the Western Front.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stalemate is a deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other. On the Western Front, this was seen through entrenched positions and limited territorial gains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New technology included machine guns, artillery, poison gas, trench warfare tactics, zeppelins, and U-boats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total war involves channeling all of a nation's resources into the war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A convoy is a group of merchant ships protected by warships, used to minimize the risk of attacks from enemy naval forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The British blockaded Germany's ports to prevent supplies from reaching the Central Powers and weaken their war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers by signing the Turco-German Alliance, driven by mutual interests against Russia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fighting on the Eastern front was characterized by larger movements and less trench warfare compared to the stagnant trench conflict on the Western front.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colonial subjects were eager to participate in the war because they believed that their involvement would lead to independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ANZACs are Australian and New Zealand soldiers who fought during WWI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Battle of Gallipoli aimed to open the Dardanelles for supply lines to Russia but resulted in significant losses and a withdrawal after six months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Zimmerman Note proposed that Germany would help Mexico reclaim territories lost to the U.S. in exchange for Mexico joining the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany and the Zimmerman Note prompted U.S. consideration of entering the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unrestricted submarine warfare is the practice of using submarines to attack and sink all forms of enemy shipping, regardless of their military or civilian status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The colonies faced disappointment as their hopes for independence were dashed in the post-war settlement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The League of Nations was a world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Treaty of Versailles placed full blame for the war on Germany, imposed huge reparations, limited the size of its military, and returned Alsace-Lorraine to France.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Article 231 was known as the 'war-guilt clause' in the Treaty of Versailles that placed total responsibility for WWI on Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France's goal for Germany post-WWI was to weaken it so that it could never threaten France again.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mandates are territories administered by Western powers after WWI; the nations they are today include parts of the Middle East and Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many overlapping claims to territory threatened the peace in postwar Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>November 11, 1918, marks the end of WWI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People outside of Europe hoped their military service would lead to independence and rights for their nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers