Podcast
Questions and Answers
¿Que es la dieta?
¿Que es la dieta?
Componente de la dieta
Componente de la dieta
Clasificación de nutrientes
Clasificación de nutrientes
Macronutrientes (glúcidos, proteínas y lípidos) Micronutrientes (vitaminas y minerales)
Requerimientos nutricionales
Requerimientos nutricionales
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Tipos de requerimiento nutricionales
Tipos de requerimiento nutricionales
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Factores que modifican el requerimiento energetico
Factores que modifican el requerimiento energetico
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Tasa de metabolismo basal (TMB)
Tasa de metabolismo basal (TMB)
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Factores que modifican la TMB:
Factores que modifican la TMB:
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Requerimiento nutricional de las proteínas
Requerimiento nutricional de las proteínas
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Factores que modifican los requerimientos de proteínas:
Factores que modifican los requerimientos de proteínas:
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Study Notes
What is a Diet?
- A diet refers to the sum of food that a person or group habitually consumes.
- It can also refer to a specific nutritional plan aimed at achieving health goals.
Components of the Diet
- Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which provide energy.
- Micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, are essential for various bodily functions.
- Dietary fiber is important for digestive health and can prevent various diseases.
Classification of Nutrients
- Nutrients are classified into essential (must be obtained from diet) and non-essential (can be synthesized by the body).
- Major categories include macronutrients, micronutrients, and water.
Nutritional Requirements
- Nutritional requirements vary based on age, sex, physical activity, and overall health.
- Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) provide guidelines for adequate intake of essential nutrients.
Types of Nutritional Requirements
- Absolute requirements refer to the minimum amount needed to prevent deficiency.
- Relative requirements can vary based on factors such as physical exertion and health status.
Factors Modifying Energy Requirements
- Age, sex, body composition, and physical activity levels influence individual energy needs.
- Environmental factors, such as temperature and altitude, can also affect energy requirements.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- BMR is the number of calories required to maintain basic physiological functions at rest.
- It accounts for about 60-75% of total daily energy expenditure.
Factors Modifying BMR
- Factors that can alter BMR include age (typically decreases with age), sex (males generally have a higher BMR), and overall body composition (more muscle raises BMR).
- Hormonal changes, particularly thyroid hormones, can significantly influence metabolic rate.
Nutritional Requirements for Proteins
- Protein is necessary for tissue repair, enzyme production, and immune function.
- Daily protein requirements vary based on physical activity levels and specific health conditions.
Factors Modifying Protein Requirements
- Increased protein needs may occur during pregnancy, lactation, growth periods, or intense physical training.
- Illness or injury can also lead to a higher requirement for protein to support recovery and tissue healing.
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