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Antigens and antibodies

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Questions and Answers

What is antigen

It is a molecule found in the surface of microorganisms that triggers immune response

What is antibody

It is a protective protein that the produced by B cells as a response to a specific antigens

What is the importance on the knowledge of antigens and antibody

Vaccine development. 2. Blood transfusion and organ transplant. 3. Diseases diagnosis and treatment 4. Autoimmune diagnosis. 5. Allergy testing and management. 6. Forensic and paternity testing

What is the chemical nature of antigens

Proteins and polysaccharides: they are mostly immunogenic Nucleic acid: they are generally not immunogenic but become immunogenic when single stranded or complexed with proteins. Lipids: they are generally not immunogenic, although they are haptens Signup and view all the answers

What is complete antigens

They are antigens that possess antigenic properties DENOZO I.e they can generate immune responses on their own. They have a high molecular weight (over 10,000) and are mostly proteins and polypeptide Signup and view all the answers

What are incomplete antigens

They are usually non protein substance that can not generate immune response themselves they require a carrier molecule to provoke the immune response so as to act as a complete antigen. They have low molecular weight (less than 10,000) Signup and view all the answers

What re the determinate of immunogenicity

<ol> <li>Molecular size. 2. Age. 3 Physical form. 4. Genetic factor. 5. Dose of antigens 6. Route of administration</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of antigens

<ol> <li>Exogenous: enters the body through an external source. Endogenous: produced in an infected or abnormal cell. Tumor antigen: found in a cancerous cell. Auto antigens : normal proteins targeted mistakenly by immune response</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of antigens

They can be proteins polypeptide nucleic acid or lipids and are found on the surface of microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What the functions of antigens

<ol> <li>They trigger immune responses. 2. They help identify pathogens. 3. Thru okay a role in immune memory</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of antibodies

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of antibodies

They are a Y shaped protein with 4 polypeptide chains 2 heavy and 2 light Signup and view all the answers

What are the function of antibodies

<ol> <li>They neutralize pathogens. They provide immunity. They activate complement systems</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Antigen

A molecule on microorganisms that triggers immune response.

Antibody

A protective protein produced by B cells to fight specific antigens.

Importance of Antigens and Antibodies

Key for vaccine development, blood transfusions, and disease diagnosis.

Chemical Nature of Antigens

Includes proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids; lipids are mostly non-immunogenic.

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