International Trade Law: WTO Trade Policies - Lecture 8
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Questions and Answers

What is arbitration?

  • A process that doesn't require any prior agreement
  • A formal court procedure for resolving disputes
  • A technique for resolving disputes outside the courts (correct)
  • A method for negotiation between parties

    • Who are involved in arbitration?

  • Arbitrators and conciliators (correct)
  • Judge and jury
  • Defendant and plaintiff
  • Conciliators and parties to a dispute

    • What is the role of a conciliator?

  • To act jointly with the arbitrators
  • To facilitate a less formal form of arbitration (correct)
  • To review the evidence in a case
  • To impose a legally binding decision on both sides

    • When can conciliation occur?

    <p>When one party requests the other to appoint a conciliator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which contexts is arbitration often used?

    <p>International commercial transactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of negotiation?

    <p>To reach a mutually beneficial outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a party rejects an offer to conciliate?

    <p>The conciliation process is terminated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is arbitration frequently employed in the United States?

    <p>Employment and consumer matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many conciliators are allowed in the conciliation process?

    <p>Any number of conciliators allowed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of WTO members are developing countries and countries in transition to market economies?

    <p>Three quarters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which round of negotiations were developing countries and transition economies more active and influential?

    <p>Uruguay Round</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the agreements at the end of the Uruguay Round give developing countries to adjust to WTO provisions?

    <p>Transition periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who should accelerate implementing market access commitments on goods exported by the least-developed countries, according to a ministerial decision adopted at the end of the round?

    <p>Developed countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What have developed countries started to allow for almost all products from least-developed countries more recently?

    <p>Duty-free and quota-free imports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provision did GATT have that allowed for special assistance and trade concessions for developing countries?

    <p>Provisions favoring developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long did the Uruguay Round last?

    <p>Seven and a half years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of imports have developed countries started to allow for almost all products from least-developed countries more recently?

    <p>Duty-free and quota-free imports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the current Doha Development Agenda?

    <p>Special assistance and trade concessions for developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to encourage transparency in trade rules?

    <p>Discouraging the use of quotas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the WTO agreements requiring governments to disclose their policies and practices publicly?

    <p>To promote transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the WTO system described in terms of competition?

    <p>A system of rules dedicated to open, fair and undistorted competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the rules on non-discrimination (MFN and national treatment)?

    <p>To secure fair conditions of trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the rules on dumping and subsidies designed to establish?

    <p>What is fair or unfair in trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Trade Policy Review Mechanism used for?

    <p>Encouraging transparency in trade policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the WTO system contribute to?

    <p>Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the WTO rules dedicated to?

    <p><strong>Open</strong>, fair and undistorted competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

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