International Trade Law: WTO Trade Policies - Lecture 8

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Questions and Answers

What is arbitration?

  • A process that doesn't require any prior agreement
  • A formal court procedure for resolving disputes
  • A technique for resolving disputes outside the courts (correct)
  • A method for negotiation between parties

Who are involved in arbitration?

  • Arbitrators and conciliators (correct)
  • Judge and jury
  • Defendant and plaintiff
  • Conciliators and parties to a dispute

What is the role of a conciliator?

  • To act jointly with the arbitrators
  • To facilitate a less formal form of arbitration (correct)
  • To review the evidence in a case
  • To impose a legally binding decision on both sides

When can conciliation occur?

<p>When one party requests the other to appoint a conciliator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which contexts is arbitration often used?

<p>International commercial transactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of negotiation?

<p>To reach a mutually beneficial outcome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a party rejects an offer to conciliate?

<p>The conciliation process is terminated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is arbitration frequently employed in the United States?

<p>Employment and consumer matters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many conciliators are allowed in the conciliation process?

<p>Any number of conciliators allowed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What proportion of WTO members are developing countries and countries in transition to market economies?

<p>Three quarters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which round of negotiations were developing countries and transition economies more active and influential?

<p>Uruguay Round (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the agreements at the end of the Uruguay Round give developing countries to adjust to WTO provisions?

<p>Transition periods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should accelerate implementing market access commitments on goods exported by the least-developed countries, according to a ministerial decision adopted at the end of the round?

<p>Developed countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What have developed countries started to allow for almost all products from least-developed countries more recently?

<p>Duty-free and quota-free imports (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provision did GATT have that allowed for special assistance and trade concessions for developing countries?

<p>Provisions favoring developing countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long did the Uruguay Round last?

<p>Seven and a half years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of imports have developed countries started to allow for almost all products from least-developed countries more recently?

<p>Duty-free and quota-free imports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the current Doha Development Agenda?

<p>Special assistance and trade concessions for developing countries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to encourage transparency in trade rules?

<p>Discouraging the use of quotas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the WTO agreements requiring governments to disclose their policies and practices publicly?

<p>To promote transparency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the WTO system described in terms of competition?

<p>A system of rules dedicated to open, fair and undistorted competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the rules on non-discrimination (MFN and national treatment)?

<p>To secure fair conditions of trade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the rules on dumping and subsidies designed to establish?

<p>What is fair or unfair in trade (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Trade Policy Review Mechanism used for?

<p>Encouraging transparency in trade policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the WTO system contribute to?

<p>Development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the WTO rules dedicated to?

<p><strong>Open</strong>, fair and undistorted competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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