Writing Skill: Preparing an Abstract

Writing Skill: Preparing an Abstract

• An abstract is a concise summary of a longer text, including the main idea, relevant details, and conclusion.
• Writing an abstract provides a first impression of the work (e.g., essay, research, proposal). It helps readers decide if they want to read more and understand the scope of the work.
• How to write an abstract:
• Plan using an outline.
• Restate or paraphrase the main idea.
• Summarize key details, focusing on relevance.
• Use simple present tense for facts. Check and correct sentence fragments. Review grammar resources (pp. 153, 157).
• Use transitions (e.g., moreover, however, as a result of, finally). Review grammar resources (pp. 155, 157).
• Maintain appropriate tone. Avoid personal pronouns (e.g., I, we) and contractions (e.g., I'm). Use at least five new vocabulary words.
• How to publish an abstract:
• Scan the QR code to download and access Google Blogger.
• Post abstracts to Google Blogger.
• Share posts on social media.

Writing Strategy: Presenting a Reaction Paper and a Critique

• A reaction paper expresses agreement or disagreement with a text or artwork.
• A critique evaluates the effectiveness of an argument or artwork, commenting on details and how effectively the work or theme is communicated.
• Why do reaction papers and critiques matter?:
• Both demonstrate analytical ability.
• Allow writers to present alternative perspectives (missing information).
• How to write a reaction paper:
• Reread the text, identifying the thesis statement and supporting reasons/facts.
• Analyze for weaknesses or missing points in logic or evidence.
• Ensure the introduction and conclusion are logical.
• How to write a critique (further details):
• Identify the message or theme of the artwork or text.
• Evaluate how symbols and elements contribute to the message.
• Identify weaknesses or missing elements.
• Develop your argument using literary criticism approaches.
• Form a thesis statement (main claim).
• Cite evidence to support claims.
• Acknowledge counterarguments and refute them.
• Synthesize (summarize your argument).
• Use appropriate transitions (e.g., moreover, however).
• Use simple present for opinions/arguments, simple past/present perfect for events or descriptions. Review grammar (pp.159-161).
• Include complex sentences and new vocabulary.

Writing Skill: Presenting a Concept Paper

• A concept paper is a brief summary of a project or proposal, outlining ideas before the full proposal.
• Purpose: To capture interest and demonstrate project feasibility.
• Structure:
• Introduction: Problem/need, project goals, objectives.
• Project Description: Strategies, activities, timelines, benefits, unique selling proposition (USP).
• Project Requirements: Financial, technical, manpower support.
• Conclusion: Recap USP, next steps.

Writing Skill: Presenting a Concept Paper- (Graphic Aids)

• Graphic aids (charts, tables, etc.) visually represent data/information.
• Reasons for using them:
• Clarify themes/trends/movements.
• Show data relationships easily.
• Provide strong data support.
• Add a scientific/objective feel.
• Helpful graphic aid qualities:
• Appropriate data representation (e.g., sales trends = line graph).
• Clear, accurate data presentation.
• Appealing visuals.
• How to present a concept paper with graphic aids:
• Create a presentation (e.g., Google Slides).
• Design graphic aids (e.g., Canva).
• Present in class (e.g., role-play).