Questions and Answers
An abstract should be _____, concise, factual, and detailed.
brief
The IMRAD structure includes Introduction, Methodology, Results, and _____ for discussions.
discussions
You should write an abstract upon completing a thesis or _____ submission.
dissertation
In the methodology section, it is essential to indicate the research _____ used to answer your question.
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The results section can contain a summary of main findings in the present or _____ simple tense.
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A ______ statement is a concise and specific summary of the main idea of an essay.
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Paraphrasing involves rewriting a text in your own ______ while maintaining the main idea.
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Skimming is a reading technique that allows you to read quickly to get a ______ idea of the content.
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In the framework CER, the 'C' stands for ______, which is the main argument of the essay.
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To preview a text, one should start by reading the ______ and subheadings.
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Study Notes
Abstract Writing
- An abstract provides a concise summary of academic work including theses, dissertations, and research papers.
- The IMRAD structure is commonly used for abstracts:
- I - Introduction: Define research purpose and address practical/theoretical problems.
- M - Methodology: Describe research methods in straightforward manner, typically in past simple.
- R - Results: Summarize main findings, using either present or past simple tense.
- A - Discussions: Discuss main conclusions and answers to research questions.
- Abstracts are written after completing research or when submitting papers for academic purposes.
Outlining
- Outlining helps in organizing thoughts and structure for writing.
- Two types of outlines:
- Reading outline: Extracts main ideas and aids in critically analyzing the text.
- Writing outline: Serves as a skeletal guide to organize ideas before drafting an essay.
Thesis Statement
- A thesis statement is concise, specific, and captures the main idea of the essay.
- Should present an arguable claim supported by evidence.
- Typically located in the introductory paragraph and avoids first-person language.
Paraphrasing
- Involves rewriting text in the writer's own words while maintaining the main idea.
- Important for avoiding plagiarism and enhancing vocabulary.
- Steps for effective paraphrasing include:
- Reading the passage carefully.
- Identifying the main idea.
- Highlighting important words.
Poetic Devices
- Involves altering sentence structure or order, finding synonyms, and converting between active and passive voice.
- Active voice puts the subject in action, while passive voice highlights the action's recipient.
Importance of Reading
- Aids in discovering new concepts, expanding vocabulary, and achieving academic success.
- Provides escapism and allows for previewing content to gather information before reading.
Previewing Text
- Previewing activates prior knowledge, sets reading goals, studies vocabulary, and predicts information.
- Steps to effectively preview a text include reading the title, headings, and visuals, and skimming for key terms.
Skimming and Scanning
- Skimming allows quick reading for a general understanding; scanning focuses on locating specific information.
- Techniques for each include:
- For skimming: Read quickly, focusing on the first and last paragraphs.
- For scanning: Search for keywords without extensive reading.
Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER Framework)
- CER provides a structured approach to forming opinions in writing.
- Claim: The main argument of the essay, which can be a claim of fact, value, or policy.
- Evidence: Supports the claim with qualitative or quantitative data.
- Reasoning: Connects the evidence to the claim, explaining its relevance.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential components of writing an effective abstract for academic works, including theses, dissertations, and research papers. You'll learn the IMRAD structure, when to write an abstract, and common strategies for summarizing your research concisely and accurately.
