21 Questions
What are the three ways Aristotle provided to appeal to an audience?
Logos, Pathos, Ethos
Which type of assignment involves combining two or more ideas into a larger whole?
Synthesize
What is the purpose of challenging an audience according to the text?
To question their thinking or behavior
What are the types of topics mentioned for the 'Informative' assignment in the text?
Topics you already know a lot about
What is the purpose of connecting with the audience emotionally as stated in the text?
To help them feel understood
'Reflective' assignments involve exploring knowledge and experience in order to:
Deeply consider something on a personal basis
What is the first step in the looping technique?
Start with a freewrite on a topic
What should be done after the initial freewrite in the looping technique?
Circle anything that needs to be fleshed out or that branches into new ideas
What is the purpose of asking 'Who or what is part of the problem?' when using the problem/solution approach?
To identify the parties or factors involved in the problem
Which of the following is NOT one of the journalists' questions?
For what reason?
What technique is recommended in the text for solving problems or exploring cause-and-effect relationships?
Problem/solution
Which is not a reason why we write?
Generating Income
When considering your audience, which of the following is least important to think about?
Their current salary and income level
What is the primary purpose of the pre-writing stage according to the text?
To generate ideas and organize thoughts
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way that writing can help you achieve your goals?
To earn a high salary
What is the purpose of freewriting according to the text?
To generate text and get your mind working so you can write a draft
What is the third step in the six-step writing process described in the text?
Organize
What is the purpose of the 'clustering' strategy described in the text?
To visually connect ideas and concepts
Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the writing process?
Evaluate the audience
What is the purpose of the 'listing' strategy described in the text?
To generate a list of topics to write about
Which of the following strategies involves writing continuously without stopping or editing?
Freewriting
Study Notes
Writing Techniques
- Looping is a technique built on freewriting, starting with a 5-15 minute freewrite on a topic, circling key ideas, and repeating the process.
- Asking questions: What is the problem, cause, and effect of the topic? Who is part of the problem? What are potential solutions?
Rhetorical Strategies
- Persuade or inspire the audience to act or think about an issue from your point of view.
- Challenge the audience to question their thinking or behavior.
- Argue for or against something they believe or do.
- Inform or teach the audience about a topic they don’t know much about.
- Connect with the audience emotionally.
Appeal to the Audience
- Aristotle’s three ways to appeal to an audience: logos (logic), pathos (emotions), and ethos (credibility).
Types of Assignments
- Summarize: provide main points and supporting points from the text.
- Respond: give personal opinions on the text.
- Analyze: break down the text into parts to understand the whole.
- Synthesize: combine two or more ideas into a larger whole.
- Compare and Contrast: examine similarities and differences between two items.
- Reflect: deeply consider a topic on a personal basis.
Determining a Topic
- Informative: choose topics you know a lot about or can easily research.
- Reflective: explore your knowledge and experience.
- Persuasive: choose topics you feel strongly about.
Writing and Style
- Reasons to write: self-exploration, comprehension, effective communication, creativity, and professional opportunities.
Determining Audience and Purpose
- Identify your audience, their interests, biases, and concerns.
- Determine what your audience knows about the topic and what they need to know.
- Consider how to affect your audience and what kind of effect you want to achieve.
The Writing Process
- The six steps: choose a topic, gather ideas, organize, write, review and revise, and proofread.
Narrowing a Topic
- Strategies: clustering (tree diagram), brainstorming, listing, outlining, and freewriting.
Test your knowledge on writing and style topics such as reasons for writing, audience and purpose, pre-writing, academic writing, and the benefits of writing for self-exploration, comprehension, academic performance, effective communication, creativity, and professional opportunities.
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