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Questions and Answers

Which side effect is generally transient and often dose related during therapy?

  • Weight gain due to fluid retention
  • Visual field scotoma
  • Fine tremor (correct)
  • Leukocytosis

What management strategy could be employed for treating fine tremors?

  • Increase the dose significantly
  • Add a beta blocker (correct)
  • Switch to immediate release formulation
  • Discontinue the treatment immediately

Which of the following is a potential long-term side effect that is not dose related?

  • Hypotension
  • Diabetic insipidus
  • Memory problems (correct)
  • Bradycardia

What is a common consequence of fluid retention leading to weight gain?

<p>Decreased metabolic rate due to hypothyroidism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which renal side effect is reversible?

<p>Electrolyte abnormalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key effect of valproate as noted in the information provided?

<p>It has anti-aggressive effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of valproate?

<p>Hepatotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is valproate used in combination with other treatments?

<p>It can augment antimanic effects when combined with lithium. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial dosing guideline for delayed release valproate?

<p>500 mg BID. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended trough level for valproate?

<p>50-125 mcg/ml. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom that Chelsea is experiencing in her current depressive episode?

<p>Loss of interest in sex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chelsea's husband, how many periods of depression has Chelsea experienced as an adult?

<p>Five (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of Chelsea's energy levels during her mood episodes?

<p>Fluctuating between high and low energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior has Chelsea adopted that indicates her struggle with depression?

<p>Watching TV for hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What weight change has Chelsea experienced recently, and how has it affected her self-perception?

<p>Gained six pounds, worsening her self-esteem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recurring thought does Chelsea have when she is experiencing her depressive episodes?

<p>Death seems like a viable option (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Chelsea's experience of energy levels during manic episodes contrast with her depressive states?

<p>Her energy decreases during depressive states (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main factors contributing to Chelsea's feelings of depression since starting her new job?

<p>Concern about her performance as perceived by her boss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes bipolar I disorder from bipolar II disorder?

<p>Presence of manic episodes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment consideration is important for patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder?

<p>Combination of two drugs may be required (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common comorbidity in patients with bipolar disorder?

<p>Substance abuse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age at onset for bipolar disorder?

<p>21 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is NOT associated with a manic episode?

<p>Significant memory loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is a major predictor of functioning levels in bipolar disorder?

<p>Adherence to treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prognosis is typically associated with individuals having rapid cycling bipolar disorder?

<p>Poorer prognosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a frequent symptom experienced by patients with mixed features in bipolar disorder?

<p>Agitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason for medication non-adherence in bipolar disorder patients?

<p>Intolerance to side effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mood episode frequency categorizes rapid cycling in bipolar disorder?

<p>4 or more episodes per year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for avoiding antidepressants in patients with a history of antidepressant-induced mania?

<p>They may lead to rapid cycling. (A), They can exacerbate mixed features. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following combinations is categorized as a common first-line treatment for bipolar disorder?

<p>Quetiapine + Lithium/Divalproex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended if a drug used for acute treatment is continued into the maintenance phase?

<p>Conduct a dose reduction if necessary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following agents is considered a second-line monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

<p>Carbamazepine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the approach if therapy with first-line agents is inadequate or not tolerated?

<p>Add an additional first-line agent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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