Questions and Answers
When is the wound classification recorded on the intra-operative record?
At the end of the procedure.
When reviewing a chart, the wound classification tells us the degree of microbial contamination that was present or occurred during the operation.
True
What is the definition of abrasion?
Scrape.
What is the definition of laceration?
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What is the definition of contusion?
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What is the definition of a chronic wound?
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What is the definition of a puncture?
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What is the definition of a clean wound?
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What is the definition of a complicated wound?
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What is the definition of a contaminated wound?
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What is the definition of a thermal wound?
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What is the definition of a closed wound?
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What is released from the damaged cells that causes an inflammatory response?
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Normal healing of wounds occurs from ____ across the wound, not from the inside out.
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Describe the 5 signs of the inflammatory process.
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What is the definition of Phase 1 in wound healing?
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What is the definition of Phase 2 in wound healing?
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What is the definition of Phase 3 in wound healing?
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How can age affect wound healing?
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How can nutrition affect wound healing?
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How can disease affect wound healing?
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How can radiation exposure affect wound healing?
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How can smoking affect wound healing?
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How can an immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patient affect wound healing?
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What is the definition of adhesion?
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What is the definition of dehiscence?
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What is the definition of evisceration?
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What is the definition of fistula?
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What is the definition of hemorrhage?
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What is the definition of herniation?
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What is the definition of infection?
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What is the definition of keloid?
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What is the definition of sinus tract?
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What is the definition of a suture complication?
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When does wound dehiscence most commonly occur? Describe 5 possible causes of wound dehiscence.
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Distinguish the difference between dehiscence and evisceration.
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Which abdominal incision is most likely to be a factor in the cause of dehiscence?
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Study Notes
Wound Classification and Healing
- Record wound classification at the end of the surgical procedure.
- Wound classification indicates microbial contamination degree, affecting postoperative infection likelihood.
Types of Wounds
- Abrasion: A scrape on the skin.
- Laceration: A cut or tear in the skin.
- Contusion: A bruise resulting from trauma.
- Chronic wound: Persists over an extended timeframe.
- Puncture: A penetrating wound that can introduce infection.
- Clean wound: Sutured incision that heals by first intention.
- Complicated wound: Tissue loss or presence of a foreign body.
- Contaminated wound: Damage from a dirty object.
- Thermal wound: Injury caused by extreme heat or cold.
- Closed wound: Skin is intact, but underlying tissue is damaged.
Inflammatory Response and Healing Phases
- Histamine release from damaged cells initiates the inflammatory response.
- Normal wound healing progresses from side to side, not from the inside out.
- Five signs of inflammation: pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function.
- Phase 1: Lag phase (3-5 days) focuses on inflammatory response.
- Phase 2: Proliferation phase lasts up to 20 days, involving tissue formation.
- Phase 3: Maturation phase begins after 14 days and can last up to a year.
Factors Affecting Wound Healing
- Age: Pediatric and geriatric patients may experience decreased vascularity and poor muscle tone, affecting healing.
- Nutrition: Deficiencies in diet can hinder the healing process.
- Disease: Conditions like metabolic disorders and malignancies adversely influence healing.
- Radiation exposure: Can reduce blood supply to tissues in patients receiving large doses.
- Smoking: Leads to vasoconstriction and lower oxygen levels, complicating healing.
- Immune status: Immunocompromised patients may face heightened risk due to deficient immune systems.
Complications Related to Wound Healing
- Adhesion: Abnormal attachment between surfaces, potentially causing complications.
- Dehiscence: Partial or total separation of tissue layers post-surgery.
- Evisceration: Protrusion of internal organs through a completely separated wound.
- Fistula: An abnormal connection between two body surfaces that open at both ends.
- Hemorrhage: Loss of excessive blood surrounding a wound.
- Herniation: A condition resulting from wound dehiscence, observed 2-3 months post-surgery.
- Infection: Occurrence of microbial contamination at the wound site.
- Keloid: Formation of hypertrophic scars after a wound heals.
- Sinus tract: A passage between two surfaces that opens at one end.
Wound Dehiscence
- Most common occurrence of wound dehiscence between postoperative days 5-10, particularly in debilitated patients.
- Possible causes include abdominal distention, excessive tension on the wound, inappropriate suturing techniques, and unsuitable suture material.
- Distinction: Dehiscence is the separation of tissue layers, whereas evisceration involves protrusion of viscera through the separated wound edges.
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Description
This quiz explores various types of wounds, their classifications, and the healing processes involved. Understanding the inflammatory response and healing phases is crucial for effective wound management. Test your knowledge on wound types and healing mechanisms essential for surgical procedures.