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- Allies won key battles in Sicily, Italy, and the Pacific, leading to Axis powers losing ground.
- Allies liberated France in 1944, while the Soviet Union invaded Germany.
- Japan's position weakened in China and Burma, and the Allies gained control of the Pacific islands.
- WWII ended with the Allies invading Germany and the Soviet Union capturing Berlin.
- The Potsdam Conference was held, and the Potsdam Declaration was issued in June 1945.
- The US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to Japan's surrender.
- WWII changed the political, military, and social structure of the world and led to the creation of the United Nations.
- The US and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers, while European powers' influence declined.
- Countries affected by industrialization sought economic reform.
- Europe began a phase of integration to avoid conflicts and establish a common identity.
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