World War I: Causes and U.S. Involvement
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Questions and Answers

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was part of which larger conflict that led to the outbreak of World War I?

The conflict between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Serbia.

How did the Bolshevik Revolution affect the war?

  • The Bolsheviks shifted Russian forces toward fighting the Ottoman Empire, drawing Ottoman troops away from the Western Front.
  • The Bolsheviks switched sides in the war, becoming allied with Germany and the Central Powers.
  • The Bolsheviks ended Russia's fighting in World War I, eliminating the fighting on the Eastern Front. (correct)
  • The Bolsheviks renewed the Russian war effort against the Central Powers, drawing many German troops away from the Western Front.
  • What were some of the issues that impeded the implementation of President Wilson's ideal peace plan?

    Wilson's Fourteen Points were considered too idealistic, and he faced political opposition.

    Identify some of the problems that the United States faced domestically following the end of World War I.

    <p>Racial tensions increased, leading to riots, greater strikes by workers, and a heightened fear of communism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Clemenceau's concern regarding the state of the war in December 1917?

    <p>The Bolshevik Revolution meant that Russia would no longer play a role in the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the United States declared war on Germany, the U.S. Army was ____ for battle.

    <p>unprepared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify some of the positions President Wilson held and ultimately conceded during and following the Paris Peace Conference.

    <p>Wilson relented to French demands for German concessions and had to forego self-determination for ethnic groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were some characteristics of World War I that made it the first industrial war?

    <p>The weaponry was technologically sophisticated, and the devastation reshaped battlefields.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify some components of the Revenue Act of 1916.

    <p>It introduced a 100 percent increase in federal income tax and a tax on weapons manufacturers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the political battle in the U.S. over ratifying the Treaty of Versailles.

    <p>The ratification process faced constant obstruction in the Senate, resulting in Wilson's speaking tour to gain public support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Put the following post-World War I events in chronological order.

    <ol> <li>Postal workers intercept nearly forty mail bombs. 2. A bomb destroys U.S. Attorney General Palmer's house. 3. J. Edgar Hoover is appointed. 4. Federal agents round up 5,000 suspected radicals.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Battle of Verdun indicate that World War I would be different from any previous war?

    <p>Over 300,000 combatants perished and artillery use devastated the countryside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the chronology of German actions that pushed the United States to join the war.

    <ol> <li>German U-boats sink the Lusitania. 2. German U-boats sink the Arabic. 3. The Germans agree to the Sussex Pledge. 4. Unrestricted submarine warfare announced. 5. The British intercept the Zimmermann telegram. 6. German U-boats sink five American ships.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the contributions of the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts to the war effort.

    <p>They helped sell war bonds that funded the war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Complete the passage describing the ramifications of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

    <p>The assassination activated military alliances, leading to war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did President Wilson respond to the request from civil rights leaders regarding racial discrimination?

    <p>Wilson did not respond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was Wilson's Fourteen Points received by European nations at the Paris Peace Conference?

    <p>European heads of state rebuked Wilson's idealism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify how the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment changed the political landscape of the U.S.

    <p>Women accounted for 40 percent of the electorate in the presidential election of 1920.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify how World War I shaped postwar events on the international stage.

    <p>The war's resolution left Germany wanting revenge and accelerated the Bolshevik Revolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Put in chronological order the events contributing to the U.S. joining World War I.

    <ol> <li>World War I begins with German declaration. 2. Wilson allows loans to war nations. 3. The sinking of the Lusitania. 4. Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare. 5. Public reacts to Zimmermann telegram.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    President Wilson's populist transcontinental speaking tour caused enough pressure for ratification of the Treaty of Versailles.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The majority of American troops who died during World War I died in combat.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique aspects of World War I does the quotation from a British army chaplain address?

    <p>The brutal nature of industrial warfare and massive casualties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The German decision on January 31, 1917 to sink all non-German ships resulted in the U.S. joining World War I.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify criticisms of Wilson's League of Nations proposal.

    <p>Critics argued its goals were idealistic, limited American sovereignty, and could reignite nationalism in Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways did the U.S. entry into World War I contribute to the defeat of the Central Powers?

    <p>Mobilization of U.S. troops helped halt the German offensive and turned the tide during offensives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the location of the Western Front.

    <p>Middle Region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify factors that contributed to the Red Summer of 1919.

    <p>Racial tensions from the Great Migration and associations of civil rights leaders with communism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Complete the passage on American fears of a Communist revolution.

    <p>Many believed that communists were numerous due to violent acts, influencing the Red Scare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Combat-related deaths of civilians and combatants accounted for the majority of those killed during World War I.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the content of the Zimmermann telegram, and why was it significant?

    <p>It encouraged Mexico to invade the U.S., pushing America toward war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During U.S. neutrality, it treated both the Allied Powers and the Central Powers equally.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify overarching issues addressed in Wilson's Fourteen Points.

    <p>They included eliminating trade barriers, proper diplomacy, and addressing territorial claims.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does President Wilson's quotation about training a nation for war illustrate?

    <p>Americans needed to prepare for sacrifices to support the military effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of American neutrality does the cartoon criticize?

    <p>The contradiction of enforcing strict neutrality while banks profited from war loans to warring nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    German general Erich Ludendorff said that 'America became the decisive power in the war.' What is the chronological order of events regarding American troops?

    <ol> <li>Tsar Nicholas II abdicates. 2. Lenin signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. 3. German troops strengthened the Western Front. 4. American troops repel the advance into France. 5. Allied leaders seek peace based on Wilson's points.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme Court overturned Schenck's conviction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Put the following postwar events in chronological order.

    <ol> <li>Democrats lose Congress control. 2. Peace talks in Paris. 3. Treaty of Versailles signed. 4. Wilson's speaking tour begins.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Analyze the poster regarding the fear of espionage during World War I.

    <p>Anyone could inadvertently share information with the enemy, making detection difficult.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the draft impact women's roles in the job market during the war?

    <p>Women increasingly took industrial jobs as men were drafted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    World War I Overview

    • The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand spurred the conflict between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Serbia, leading to World War I.
    • The Bolshevik Revolution ended Russia's participation in the war, eliminating conflict on the Eastern Front.

    U.S. Involvement

    • President Wilson struggled to implement his Fourteen Points due to opposition from European leaders, political divisions at home, and partisan politics.
    • Following World War I, the U.S. faced significant domestic issues, including increased racial tensions, labor strikes, and fears of communism.

    International Concerns

    • French Premier Georges Clemenceau expressed concern about Germany's potential renewed offensives following Russia's exit from the war.
    • U.S. troops were largely unprepared for war due to a small army and outdated weaponry; nearly 3 million men were drafted to fight.

    Political Dynamics

    • Wilson conceded to demands for territorial concessions from France and abandoned his aim for self-determination for all ethnic groups.
    • The Treaty of Versailles faced opposition in the U.S. Senate, leading Wilson to embark on a nationwide speaking tour that ultimately failed to secure ratification.

    War Characteristics

    • World War I is characterized as the first industrial war due to its advanced weaponry and extensive battlefield destruction.
    • The Revenue Act of 1916 was a response to calls for preparedness, increasing federal income tax and taxing armaments manufacturers.

    Major Events Post-War

    • Key events such as postal bomb interceptions and the Palmer Raids marked the onset of the Red Scare.
    • The reconciliation of competing ideologies influenced the postwar landscape, with fears of communism and racial tensions leading to riots in 1919.

    U.S. Troop Contributions

    • The mobilization of over 1 million American troops significantly bolstered Allied efforts against the Central Powers during critical offensives, such as the Meuse-Argonne offensive.

    Public Sentiment

    • The Zimmermann telegram, proposing a German-Mexican alliance against the U.S., was pivotal in swaying public opinion towards war.
    • Despite initial claims of strict neutrality, the U.S. economic interests in supporting Allied Powers played a crucial role in its eventual engagement.

    Social Changes

    • Women's roles transitioned significantly during the war, filling jobs vacated by men who were drafted, thereby reshaping the labor force.

    Civil Liberties Concerns

    • The Espionage and Sedition Acts led to the suppression of anti-war speech; notably, the Schenck v. United States case upheld restrictions on free speech during wartime.

    League of Nations

    • Wilson's League of Nations proposal faced criticism for its idealism and perceived threats to American sovereignty, contributing to its rejection by the Senate.

    Conclusion

    • The ramifications of the war fostered a profound fear of espionage and communism, leading to a transformed political and social landscape in postwar America.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the key events leading to World War I and the factors influencing U.S. involvement in the conflict. From the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand to President Wilson's struggle with his Fourteen Points, test your knowledge of this pivotal moment in history. Examine the international dynamics and the challenges faced by the U.S. during and after the war.

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