Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the primary purpose of the alliance system created among the Great Powers in the 1870s?
What was the primary purpose of the alliance system created among the Great Powers in the 1870s?
Which of the following was NOT a member of the Triple Alliance in 1915?
Which of the following was NOT a member of the Triple Alliance in 1915?
What was the name given to the alliance that consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy?
What was the name given to the alliance that consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy?
What was a significant aspect of the European arms race in the early 20th century?
What was a significant aspect of the European arms race in the early 20th century?
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What was a major consequence of the competition for colonies in Africa and Asia among European nations?
What was a major consequence of the competition for colonies in Africa and Asia among European nations?
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How many warships did Germany have by 1914?
How many warships did Germany have by 1914?
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What was the name given to the alliance that consisted of France, Russia, and Britain?
What was the name given to the alliance that consisted of France, Russia, and Britain?
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How many trained soldiers did Germany have by 1914?
How many trained soldiers did Germany have by 1914?
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What was a consequence of the increased militarism in Germany and Russia during this period?
What was a consequence of the increased militarism in Germany and Russia during this period?
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What was the main reason for France's tension with Germany?
What was the main reason for France's tension with Germany?
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What was the immediate cause of World War I?
What was the immediate cause of World War I?
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What was the name of the plan devised by Count Alfred von Schlieffen?
What was the name of the plan devised by Count Alfred von Schlieffen?
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Why did Germany plan to attack France through Belgium?
Why did Germany plan to attack France through Belgium?
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What was the outcome of the Battle of the Marne in September 1914?
What was the outcome of the Battle of the Marne in September 1914?
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Which of the following was NOT a reason for the increase in tensions leading to World War I?
Which of the following was NOT a reason for the increase in tensions leading to World War I?
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What was the name of the Serbian nationalist who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
What was the name of the Serbian nationalist who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
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Study Notes
The First World War: Causes and Course
- The First World War (1914-18) was an international conflict involving most European nations, Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions.
- The war was caused by a combination of factors, including mutual defense alliances, imperialism, militarism, and nationalism.
Root Causes of WW I
- Mutual Defense Alliances: The creation of military alliances among the Great Powers, such as the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy) and the Triple Entente (France, Russia, and Britain), designed to keep peace in Europe but ultimately leading to war.
- Imperialism: Competition for colonies in Africa and Asia, leading to rivalry and mistrust among European nations.
- Militarism: An arms race in Europe, particularly in Germany and Britain, and the growing influence of the military on public policy, contributing to the outbreak of war.
- Nationalism: Tensions between France and Germany over Alsace and Lorraine, and struggles for independence in the Balkans.
Immediate Cause: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914, triggered the war.
Course of WW I
- Austria-Hungary's Ultimatum: Austria-Hungary sent a warlike ultimatum to Serbia on July 23, 1914, which Serbia partially accepted, leading to Austria-Hungary declaring war on July 28, 1914.
- European War: Most of Europe was at war within a week, with Germany following the Schlieffen Plan to attack France through Belgium and occupy Paris before turning to face Russia.
- Battle of the Marne: The Germans' attack was forced back at the Battle of the Marne in September 1914.
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Description
Learn about the international conflict that involved most European nations and other regions, and its root causes including mutual defense alliances, imperialism, militarism, and nationalism.
