World War I Alliances and Events
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Questions and Answers

What was the Triple Entente?

An alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in the years before World War I.

What countries were part of the Triple Alliance?

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

Which countries were part of the Allied Powers during World War I?

  • Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
  • Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and the Ottoman Empire
  • Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the United States (correct)
  • Great Britain, France, Russia, and the United States

Which of these countries were part of the Central Powers?

<p>Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Lusitania?

<p>A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-boat on May 7, 1915, killing 128 Americans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Zimmerman Telegram?

<p>A message from German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico, calling on Mexico to join Germany in a war against the United States and promising to help Mexico recover territory lost in the Mexican-American War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Selective Service Act?

<p>A law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men between the ages of 21 and 30 to register for the military draft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the AEF?

<p>The American Expeditionary Force, the first American ground troops to reach the European front.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

<p>A treaty that ended Russia's participation in World War I, resulting in Russia losing substantial territory to Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the War Industries Board?

<p>A federal agency created by President Woodrow Wilson during World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the War Labor Board?

<p>A federal agency created by President Woodrow Wilson in 1918 to settle labor disputes during World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Migration?

<p>The movement of over 300,000 African Americans from the rural South to Northern cities between 1914 and 1920.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the 18th Amendment do?

<p>It prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages in the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Espionage Act?

<p>A law passed by Congress in 1917 that prohibited any form of interference with the military, recruitment, or national defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Sedition Act?

<p>An amendment to the Espionage Act that made it a crime to speak or publish criticism of the government or the military.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Schenck v. U.S. court case?

<p>The court upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act, arguing that Congress had the right to limit speech during wartime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the 14 Points?

<p>President Woodrow Wilson's peace plan, outlined in 1918, that aimed to establish a just and lasting peace after World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Versailles?

<p>A peace treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was David Lloyd George?

<p>The British Prime Minister who was a strong advocate for a harsh peace treaty on Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the League of Nations?

<p>An international organization created in 1920, following World War I, to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Henry Cabot Lodge?

<p>A Republican senator who opposed U.S. membership in the League of Nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Irreconcilables?

<p>A group of senators who opposed the Treaty of Versailles in any form, including the League of Nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Reservationists?

<p>A group of senators who supported the Treaty of Versailles but insisted on specific amendments, particularly regarding the League of Nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Boston Police Strikes?

<p>A major labor dispute in 1919 that involved a large-scale strike by the Boston police force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Red Scare?

<p>A period of intense fear and suspicion of communist and socialist ideas in the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Palmer Raids?

<p>A series of raids led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer in 1920 to target suspected communists and anarchists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

<p>Two Italian-born American anarchists who were convicted of murder in 1921 and executed in 1927.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Triple Entente

Alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia before WWI.

Triple Alliance

Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy before WWI.

Allied Powers

WWI alliance of Britain, France, Russia, and later the US and Italy.

Central Powers

Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

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Lusitania

British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat, killing 128 Americans.

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Zimmermann Telegram

Message calling for Mexico to ally with Germany against the US.

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Selective Service Act

1917 law requiring men ages 21 to 30 to register for military draft.

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AEF

American Expeditionary Force commanded by John J. Pershing.

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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty ending Russian participation in WWI, which ceded territory to Germany.

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WIB

War Industry Board regulating wartime production and prices.

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War Labor Board

Agency that settled labor disputes to prevent strikes during WWI.

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Great Migration

Movement of over 300,000 African Americans to Northern cities during WWI.

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NAWSA

National American Woman Suffrage Association founded to help women gain voting rights.

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18th Amendment

Prohibited sale and distribution of alcohol; led to illegal speakeasies.

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19th Amendment

Granted women the right to vote in federal and state elections.

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Espionage Act

Law imposing penalties for aiding the enemy or obstructing recruitment during WWI.

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Sedition Act

Criminalized criticism against the government during WWI.

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Schenk v. U.S.

Supreme Court case upholding the Espionage Act's limitations on free speech.

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14 points

Woodrow Wilson's peace plan proposing self-determination and no secret treaties.

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Treaty of Versailles

Ended WWI, imposed penalties on Germany, created the League of Nations.

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David Lloyd George

British leader at the Paris Peace Conference pushing for a revenge treaty.

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League of Nations

International organization formed after WWI to promote peace.

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Henry Cabot Lodge

Chairman against U.S. participation in the League of Nations.

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Irreconcilables

Congress members opposed to the League of Nations in any form.

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Reservationists

Senators who would support the Treaty if changes were made.

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Boston Police Strikes

1919 strikes leading to the rise of Calvin Coolidge as a national figure.

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Red Scare

National alarm over communism post-WWI, leading to the Palmer Raids.

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Palmer Raids

1920 raids targeting suspected radicals, resulting in 500 deportations.

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Sacco and Vanzetti

Italian radicals executed in 1927 despite evidence of innocence.

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Study Notes

World War I Alliances and Events

  • The Triple Entente comprised Great Britain, France, and Russia.
  • The Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (with Italy leaving in 1915).
  • The Allied Powers in WWI included Britain, France, Russia, Italy (later), and the United States (later).
  • The Central Powers in WWI were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.
  • The Lusitania, a British passenger ship, was sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, killing 128 Americans and contributing to anti-German sentiment in the US.
  • The Zimmerman Telegram was a message from Germany to Mexico, proposing an alliance against the US and offering Mexico lost territories in return.
  • The Selective Service Act (1917) required men aged 21-30 to register for the military draft.
  • The American Expeditionary Force (AEF) were the first American ground troops in Europe, arriving in 1917 under General Pershing's command.

Russian Withdrawal and US Entry

  • The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk allowed Germany to regain territory from Russia. This ended Russia's participation in WWI.
  • The US declared war due to numerous factors, including the sinking of the Lusitania and Zimmerman Telegram.

Domestic Policies During WWI

  • The War Industries Board (WIB) was formed by Bernard Baruch to control wartime production, fix prices, and direct factory conversion.
  • The War Labor Board addressed labor disputes to prevent disruptions to production.
  • The Great Migration saw over 300,000 African Americans relocate from the rural South to Northern cities between 1914-1920.

Women's Suffrage and Post-War Legislation

  • The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) advocated for women's right to vote.
  • The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote.
  • The 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol.
  • The Espionage Act punished activities that aided the enemy or hindered recruitment.
  • The Sedition Act criminalized criticism of the government or president.
  • Schenk v. US upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act in limiting free speech during war.

Post-War Treaty Negotiations and Domestic Conflict

  • Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points outlined his vision for peace, including self-determination, freedom of the seas, and arms reduction.
  • The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI. Germany was heavily penalized, suffering territorial losses and demobilization.
  • David Lloyd George (Britain) advocated for a punitive treaty.
  • The League of Nations, an international peacekeeping organization, was created but the US did not ratify the treaty.
  • Henry Cabot Lodge led the opposition to US League of Nations entry.
  • "Irreconcilables" were Congress members opposed to any League of Nations form.
  • "Reservationists" favored the Treaty of Versailles with amendments.
  • The Boston Police Strike highlighted the post-war tension and led to Governor Calvin Coolidge's actions.

Post-War Fears and Suppression

  • The Red Scare resulted from fears of communism in the US.
  • The Palmer Raids were government-led raids on suspected radicals.
  • Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrants accused of crimes and executed. Their case highlighted anti-foreign feeling during this period.

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Description

Explore the key alliances and events of World War I, including the roles of the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance. Learn about significant occurrences such as the sinking of the Lusitania and the impact of the Zimmermann Telegram, as well as the American entry into the war. This quiz covers essential topics that shaped the course of the conflict.

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