Questions and Answers
What is imperialism?
When one country takes control of another country
What are five motives of imperialism? (Select all that apply)
What does the motive 'Economic' refer to in the context of imperialism?
Many nations needed materials to make products, did not want to depend on other countries, needed new markets to sell their products.
What does the motive 'Political' refer to in the context of imperialism?
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What does the motive 'Religious' refer to in the context of imperialism?
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What does the motive 'Exploratory' refer to in the context of imperialism?
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What does the motive 'Ideological' refer to in the context of imperialism?
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What is nationalism?
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What is racism?
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What are the types of imperialism? (Select all that apply)
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What is a colony?
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What is a settlement?
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What does dependent mean in imperialism?
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What are protectorates?
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What are spheres of influence?
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What is the White Man's Burden?
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How did European countries divide Africa?
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Why was control over the Suez Canal important?
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Who was Cecil Rhodes?
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What are positive effects of imperialism on Africa? (Select all that apply)
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What are negative effects of imperialism on Africa? (Select all that apply)
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Why does Great Britain bring opium into China?
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What was China forced to do?
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What is the Open Door Policy?
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Why did the Boxer Rebellion start in China?
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What is the Mandate of Heaven?
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What is the Boxer Rebellion?
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Why was India the most important area under the British Empire?
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What was Japan's role in the age of imperialism?
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Why is the Russo-Japanese War significant?
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Study Notes
Imperialism Overview
- Imperialism involves one nation exerting control over another, often through military or economic means.
- The five primary motives driving imperialism are economic, political, religious, exploratory, and ideological.
Economic Motives
- Nations sought raw materials for production and aimed to reduce dependency on other countries.
- New markets were required for selling manufactured goods, creating a drive for expansion.
Political Motives
- Imperialism was often driven by national pride and the desire for global dominance among competing nations.
Religious Motives
- Missionaries aimed to convert local populations to Christianity.
- Efforts included establishing schools, providing healthcare, and building hospitals.
Exploratory Motives
- Curiosity about foreign lands and peoples spurred explorations for both fame and fortune.
- Nations wanted to ensure they didn't fall behind in the race for territorial expansion.
Ideological Motives
- A belief existed that Western nations had a responsibility to spread their ideas and knowledge.
- There was a strong conviction that dominating "lesser" nations was a moral duty rather than a choice.
Nationalism and Racism
- Nationalism refers to a strong devotion to one’s country, often leading to competitive imperial ambitions.
- Racism expressed a belief in the superiority of one race or ethnic group over others, justifying imperial control.
Types of Imperialism
- Imperialism can manifest in three forms: colonies, protectorates, and spheres of influence.
- Colonies are territories directly controlled by a foreign power.
- Protectorates maintain local rulers while being under foreign control.
- Spheres of influence involve regions where a foreign power holds exclusive privileges but does not directly govern.
White Man's Burden
- A poem by Rudyard Kipling that rationalized imperialism as a moral obligation of Western powers to "civilize" other nations.
Africa and Imperialism
- The Berlin Conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa, leading to the partitioning of the continent.
- The Suez Canal was strategically important, connecting the Red Sea and Mediterranean, facilitating faster trade routes to Asia.
Key Figures in Imperialism
- Cecil Rhodes was a British imperialist with ambitions to expand Anglo-Saxon influence across Africa.
Effects of Imperialism on Africa
- Positive outcomes include modernization, improved trade markets, advances in medicine, and education.
- Negative consequences include cultural destruction, forced migration of tribal groups, the introduction of segregation, and unresolved societal issues.
Opium Trade and China's Reaction
- Britain introduced opium to China, aiming to create a demand to exchange for Chinese goods.
- China was coerced into signing the Treaty of Nanking, which favored foreign powers.
Open Door Policy
- A principle allowing all nations to have equal trading rights in China, aimed at maintaining the country's territorial integrity.
Boxer Rebellion
- Triggered by the Qing Dynasty's inability to safeguard national interests leading to anti-foreigner sentiments and violence.
India under British Rule
- India was vital to the British Empire for its resources like cotton and tea, and its large population provided a labor force and market.
Japan's Role in Imperialism
- Japan participated in the imperialist era, expanding influence primarily through trade.
Russo-Japanese War
- Marked the first significant victory of an Asian power over a European power, altering perceptions of global power dynamics.
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Explore the key concepts of imperialism with these flashcards. Learn about the definition, motives, and economic and political factors that drive nations to exert control over others. Ideal for students of history or anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of imperialism.