World History: WWI and the Weimar Republic

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Questions and Answers

Which countries were part of the Allied Powers?

  • Italy (correct)
  • Great Britain (correct)
  • Japan
  • France (correct)

Which of the following were Centralised Powers?

  • Russia
  • Germany (correct)
  • Austria-Hungary (correct)
  • France

What was the Weimar Republic?

Germany's government from 1919-1933.

What were the main outcomes of the Versailles Treaty for Germany?

<p>Lost overseas colonies, population, territories, resources, and was held responsible for the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Depression on Germany by 1932?

<p>Industrial production dropped to 40% of 1929 levels; 6 million people were unemployed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Hitler join the German Workers' Party?

<p>In 1919.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who does the term 'November Criminals' refer to?

<p>German politicians who signed the Versailles Treaty in November 1918.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Dawes Plan?

<p>A loan by the USA to provide short-term economic benefits to Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

<p>On January 30, 1933.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What promises did Hitler make to the German people?

<p>To enhance the dignity of each individual (A), To remove the provision of the Versailles Treaty (B), To ensure foreign interference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Enabling Act?

<p>It allowed the government to enact new laws without the consent of Parliament.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Hjalmar Schacht?

<p>An economist who aimed at full production and full employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What changes did Hitler make in foreign policies?

<p>Withdrew from the League of Nations; reoccupied the Rhineland; integrated Austria and Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Jews were killed due to Nazi propaganda?

<p>6 million.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key component of Nazi ideology?

<p>A racial hierarchy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of youth organizations in Nazi Germany?

<p>To ideologically and physically train children and young people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Hitler's view on women in Germany?

<p>He viewed them as important for breeding pure-blood Aryans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire formed this alliance during World War I.

Allied Powers

Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and later the United States formed this alliance during World War I.

Weimar Republic

This German republic, established after World War I, aimed to create a democratic government.

Treaty of Versailles

This treaty, signed after World War I, imposed harsh punishments on Germany, including territorial losses and demilitarization.

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November Criminals

The term used to refer to German politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles in 1918.

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German Crisis

The economic and political turmoil in Germany following World War I.

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Dawes Plan

A plan that provided a loan from the USA to Germany, offering economic relief post-WWI.

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Nazi Party

A political party that promised to restore Germany's strength and overturn the Treaty of Versailles.

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Hitler's Promise

Adolf Hitler, the leader of the Nazi Party, pledged to improve the lives of Germans and make Germany great again.

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Enabling Act

A law that granted Hitler dictatorial powers, allowing him to legislate without the German Parliament's approval.

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Economic Leadership

This economic policy focused on generating full production and employment.

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Changes in Foreign Policies

Hitler's aggressive foreign policy, involving rearmament, expansion, and annexations.

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Victims of Nazi Propaganda

Hitler's regime systematically persecuted and murdered millions of people based on their race and religion.

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Nazi Ideology

A belief system that promoted racial superiority and viewed Jews as inferior.

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Youth Organizations

Organizations designed to indoctrinate and train young Germans in Nazi ideology.

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Women in Nazi Germany

Nazi ideology placed a premium on women's role as mothers, responsible for producing pure-blood Aryan children.

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Study Notes

Allied Powers and Central Powers

  • Allied Powers: Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and later the US.
  • Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

Weimar Republic

  • Governed Germany from 1919 to 1933, establishing a federal structure and democratic constitution.
  • Citizens elected deputies for the German Parliament, including women.

Versailles Treaty

  • Resulted in significant territorial losses for Germany: over a tenth of its population, 13% of its territories, and substantial industrial resources.
  • Demilitarization of Germany was enforced.
  • War clause placed full responsibility on Germany for the war, requiring compensation of £6 billion.
  • Occupation of resource-rich Rhineland by Allied nations throughout the 1920s.

Germany and the Great Depression

  • Industrial production fell to 40% of the 1929 level by 1932.
  • Unemployment reached approximately 6 million, with individuals desperate for work.
  • Hyperinflation devalued currency, intensifying public anxiety.

Formation of the Nazi Party

  • Hitler, angered by Germany's WWI defeat and the Versailles Treaty, joined the German Workers' Party in 1919.
  • Renamed it the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party), growing in popularity by 1932.

November Criminals

  • Term used for German politicians who signed the Versailles Treaty in November 1918.

Dawes Plan

  • A plan allowing a loan from the USA to provide short-term economic relief for Germany post-WWI.

Adolf Hitler

  • Born in Austria in 1889, joined the German army in WWI in 1914.
  • Became Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933.

Hitler's Promises

  • Promised to make Germany a strong nation, overturn the Versailles Treaty, enhance individual dignity, provide employment, and end foreign interference.

The Enabling Act

  • Allowed Hitler to enact laws without German Parliament's consent, establishing a dictatorship and facilitating the Nazification of society.

Economic Leadership

  • Hjalmar Schacht focused on full production and employment to stabilize the economy.

Changes in Foreign Policies

  • Withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933.
  • Reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936.
  • Integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan "one people, one empire, one leader."

Victims of Nazi Propaganda

  • Six million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 100,000 Polish civilians, and 70,000 disabled Germans were persecuted.

Nazi Ideology

  • Promoted a racial hierarchy with Aryan Germans at the top and Jews at the bottom.
  • Advocated for territorial expansion and resources acquisition to enhance German power.
  • Dehumanized non-Aryans, viewing them as undesirable, compelling them to leave or eliminate them.

Youth Organizations

  • Jungvolk for children aged 10-14, focusing on ideological and physical training.
  • Nazi Youth Organization for teenagers aged 14.
  • Labour services for 18-year-old boys.

Women in Nazi Germany

  • Aryan women were regarded as vital for producing pure-blood Aryans, with motherhood as their primary role.

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