World History Semester Review
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Questions and Answers

What theory applied the idea of natural selection to the development of business and society?

Social Darwinism

An artist of the mid-1800s who portrayed the harsh lives of slum dwellers was probably using what artistic style?

realism

How did the Industrial Revolution change education?

People realized the need for workers that could read and write.

Which of the following best describes the bulleted list: Strict Code of Etiquette, Respectability, Enjoyed a range of material goods, An ideal home?

<p>Middle Class Values and Tastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the women's movement face strong opposition?

<p>Many people believed women belonged in the home and protected from politics</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did technology impact industry, transportation, and communication?

<p>Business grew, expanded, and became more widespread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the bulleted list: Growing need for a literate & educated workforce, Emphasized good work habits like obedience & being on time, Believed would produce better citizens, Growing middle class could afford to send the children?

<p>Public Education Grows</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Darwin's ideas become connected with racist ideas?

<p>Some people applied his theory to support their beliefs about human society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did workers try to improve their living and working conditions?

<p>Labor Unions gave workers more power to negotiate with companies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the social gospel?

<p>encourage people to help the working poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title best describes the bulleted list: New & more job opportunities, Urban renewal, Better sanitation & sewers, Entertainment & recreation, Slums & higher crime rates?

<p>Industrialization Changes the Face of Cities</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the romantic movement differ from the Enlightenment?

<p>included direct language and glorified nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The population of Europe exploded between 1800 and 1900 in large part because?

<p>medical advances reduced the death rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did land enclosure in the 1600s and 1700s result in?

<p>larger farms</p> Signup and view all the answers

The development of steam power enabled the growth of?

<p>railroads</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which speaker best summarizes the beliefs of early socialists: Speaker A: 'All property and all means of production should be owned by the people as a whole.'

<p>Speaker A</p> Signup and view all the answers

Of the following groups, which benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution?

<p>entrepreneurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to socialists, the solution to poverty and injustice was?

<p>shared ownership by the people of the means of productions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which development led to the other three?

<p>introduction to the factory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was coal important to the Industrial Revolution?

<p>Coal provided the fuel to produce iron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes laissez-faire economics?

<p>Eventually, the free market would benefit everyone in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a corporation?

<p>corporation owned by many people</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did early socialists propose to end the injustices of the factory system?

<p>by establishing communities in which all work and property was shared</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the bulleted list: Cloud of Coal Vapor, Noise from steam engines, Rivers and drinking water polluted?

<p>Life in Industrial Cities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which speaker best reflects the views of Karl Marx?

<p>Speaker D</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Industrial Revolution, life changed in what basic way?

<p>People migrated from rural areas to cities</p> Signup and view all the answers

What limited the effectiveness of women involved in the temperance movement?

<p>They could not vote and were barred from most schools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the impressionist artists?

<p>tried to capture the first impact a scene or object had.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In England, which of the following was caused by the other three?

<p>start of the Industrial Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a consequence of the Industrial Revolution?

<p>traveling by horse-drawn cart or steamship</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Russia, the events of Bloody Sunday, the heavy casualties during WW I, and the ineffective leadership of the czar led directly to the?

<p>Revolution of 1917</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of women during World War I?

<p>They kept their nations' economies going during the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did trenches and new technology impact the course of the war?

<p>High casualties with little ground gained.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1919, European boundaries were changed in an attempt to?

<p>satisfy the demands for self-determination by ethnic nationalities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why Germany's Schlieffen Plan failed?

<p>Russia mobilized more quickly than expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the graph suggest about American neutrality in the war from August 1914 to April 1917?

<p>America supported Great Britain and France.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were Wilson's Fourteen Points designed to do?

<p>Create a just and lasting peace to end all wars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In general, the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on?

<p>punishing Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Russian Revolution of 1917, the slogan 'peace, bread, and land' appealed to many Russian peasants because this slogan?

<p>addressed the needs and concerns of the peasants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best expresses the main idea of the chart?

<p>Foreign affairs are often based on a balance of power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the beginnings of Indian Nationalism tied to British rule?

<p>Western schools taught about ideals such as democracy and natural rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bloody Sunday served as a turning point in Russia because?

<p>it caused the people to lose faith in the tsar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was an obstacle to progress in Russia in the 1800s?

<p>a rigid social structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors contributed to the decline of the Hapsburg and Ottoman empires?

<p>Ethnic &amp; cultural diversity and growing nationalistic feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events is most associated with the fall of the Qing Dynasty?

<p>Boxer Rebellion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title best completes the bulleted list: Need for resources & new consumers, Bases to resupply ships, Needed for national security and to increase prestige, Duty to spread Western Civilization, Ideas of Social Darwinism?

<p>Causes of 'New Imperialism'</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Persia attract foreign interest in the early 1900s?

<p>Oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Bismarck's practice of Realpolitik, his political actions were guided by?

<p>traditional morality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title best completes the partial outline?

<p>Forms of Imperial Rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is best described by the bulleted list: Austria & Hungary separate states, Each had own constitution and parliament, Francis Joseph ruled both, Shared other key offices?

<p>Dual Monarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the New Imperialism era, why did Chinese reformers achieve little success?

<p>Scholar officials wanted to protect traditional Confucian ways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What trade rights did Western nations seek in China?

<p>More access to sell western goods to the Chinese.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Japan react to imperialism?

<p>reformed and modernized to compete with Western powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 1830s, Prussia created a union called the Zollverein, which promoted German unity by?

<p>removing tariff barriers between German states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Japan become an imperialist power?

<p>Japan wanted access to raw materials and to compete with Western powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did King Leopold II's actions impact the continent of Africa?

<p>By 1914, only two African nations remained independent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is best described by the flow chart: Appeared open to liberal ideas, enacted reforms to satisfy those demanding change, pulled back on reforms, cracked down on those pushing for change, preserved their absolute power & kept support of the nobles?

<p>Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the bulleted list: Empires in Decline, Calls for reform and westernization, Nationalism grows, European Imperialism?

<p>Causes of European extension of power around the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title best completes the graphic organizer?

<p>Egypt Seeks to Modernize</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Bismarck unify the German states?

<p>In winning wars, he built up Prussia's prestige and power, paving the way to unification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best completes the mind map?

<p>Rapid Spread of Western Imperialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the Sepoy Rebellion in India?

<p>Lack of religious understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology led to the unification of Germany and to the eventual breakup of the Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire?

<p>nationalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title best completes the chart?

<p>Impact of Colonial Rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors shaped Africa in the early 1800's?

<p>Africa's immense size and diversity of languages, cultures, and governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Bismarck's practice of Realpolitik, his political actions were guided by?

<p>the needs of the state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social Theories and Movements

  • Social Darwinism: Applied the concept of natural selection to justify social hierarchies and economic competition.
  • Realism in Art: A mid-1800s artistic style focusing on the grim realities of life, particularly in urban settings.

Education and Workforce

  • Industrial Revolution Impact: Increased demand for literate workers led to a rise in educational focus on reading and writing skills.
  • Public Education Growth: Driven by the need for a skilled workforce and the ability of the growing middle class to afford education for their children.

Women's Rights and Social Change

  • Opposition to Women's Movement: Rooted in traditional beliefs that women should remain in domestic spheres, detached from political engagement.
  • Temperance Movement Challenges: Women faced limitations due to societal norms preventing them from voting and accessing education.

Economic and Industrial Development

  • Technology's Role: Advances in technology facilitated the expansion of industry, transportation, and communication, enabling businesses to grow rapidly.
  • Labor Unions: Organized groups that empowered workers to negotiate better conditions and pay with employers.

Urbanization and Living Conditions

  • Urban Changes: Industrialization transformed cities, leading to urban renewal alongside challenges like increased crime rates and poor sanitation.
  • Life in Industrial Cities: Characterized by pollution, noise from industrial operations, and overpopulation.

Political Movements and Ideologies

  • Socialist Beliefs: Early socialists advocated for collective ownership of production means to address poverty and inequality.
  • Karl Marx's Views: Emphasized class struggle as the main driving force of history, focusing on the conflict between capitalists and workers.

Historical Events and Consequences

  • Russian Revolution of 1917: Triggered by disillusionment due to events like Bloody Sunday, high casualties during WWI, and ineffective leadership.
  • Bismarck’s Role in German Unification: Achieved through strategic wars that enhanced Prussia's stature and paved the way for a unified Germany.

Global Impacts of Imperialism

  • New Imperialism Factors: Motivated by resource needs, national security, and ideologies like Social Darwinism.
  • Japanese Reaction to Western Imperialism: Led to significant reforms and modernization to compete with Western powers.

Nationalism and Its Effects

  • Nationalism's Role: Contributed to the unification of Germany and the fragmentation of empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
  • Rise in Indian Nationalism: Influenced by exposure to Western democratic ideals through education.

Cultural and Social Dynamics

  • Impact of Imperial Rule: Resulted in both the decline of empires and calls for reform, dealing with the complexities of nationalism and cultural diversity.
  • Challenges to Reform in China: Reformers struggled against the resistance from traditional Confucian scholars who wanted to maintain the status quo.

Economic Structures

  • Corporation Definition: A corporate structure allows for shared ownership among many investors.
  • Importance of Coal: Essential fuel for the production of iron, playing a pivotal role in the Industrial Revolution.
  • Gender Roles During WWI: Women took on critical economic roles, maintaining national economies while men were at war.
  • Technological Warfare: The use of trench warfare combined with modern technology led to high casualties with minimal territorial gains.

Societal Transitions

  • Migration Patterns: The Industrial Revolution prompted significant rural to urban migrations as people sought work in factories.
  • Russian Response to Modernity: Attempts at modernization met with resistance from conservative factions wishing to preserve absolute power.

Historical Outcomes

  • Boxer Rebellion's Significance: A key event associated with the decline of the Qing Dynasty amid rising nationalistic sentiments in China.
  • Graphical Analysis of Neutrality: Indicators of American support for Allies prior to formal entry into WWI reflected geopolitical interests.

Summary of Events

  • Imperialism's Global Reach: Western powers expanded influence through economic and military might, reshaping political landscapes worldwide.
  • Cultural Evolution: The interplay between traditional values and modernization influenced societal shifts in various regions, such as the Middle East and Asia.

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Test your knowledge of key concepts in World History with this semester review quiz. From Social Darwinism to the impact of the Industrial Revolution, these flashcards cover essential topics that shaped societies. Perfect for students looking to consolidate their understanding before exams.

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