World History Review

Review Questions on Walters’ World Civ: Units 6-8

• The danger of a "single story" is that it leads to stereotypes, which are incomplete and rob people of dignity, focusing on differences instead of similarities.

• Major civilizations in Medieval Africa settled in West and East Africa, with ideal locations for trade and fertile land.

• Africa is rich in natural resources, including oil, gold, diamonds, and salt.

• Mansa Musa opened new trade routes, encouraged visiting caravans, and maintained economic gains by keeping a standing army.

• Trans-Saharan trade routes traded gold, ivory, salt, textiles, books, slaves, cotton cloth, iron bars, kola nuts, perfumes, beads, cowries, and copper.

• Islam spread through Trans-Saharan trade, and its tolerance allowed it to become the primary religion of West Africa.

• Trans-Saharan trade was difficult due to the massive Sahara Desert, extreme conditions, and lack of vegetation and water.

• Monsoon winds made trading across the Indian Ocean easier, allowing for mass quantities of goods to be traded.

• The decline of Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Aksum, and the Swahili Coast was caused by various factors, including internal conflict, invasions, isolation, environmental factors, and conflict with the Portuguese.

• The Renaissance reintroduced classical Greek and Roman culture, resulting in realistic art, worldly subjects, and advancements in science.

• The movable type printing press impacted Europe by making books cheaper, increasing literacy, providing access to more knowledge, and spreading ideas faster.

• Humanism was the study of worldly subjects and individualism, causing a clash with the Catholic Church, which focused on religious subjects and tradition.

• The Protestant Reformation began with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, criticizing the Church's practices and reforms, including the sale of indulgences and the belief that only priests could forgive sins.World History: Exploring the Achievements and Impact of Different Empires

• The Inca Empire was known for its advanced agriculture, architecture, and art, including the use of local plants for medicinal purposes and the development of a system of recorded information by making knots on colorful strings.

• The Inca Empire built cities, water canals, and religious temples using extremely precise, giant bricks and developed masterful skills in creating jewelry and art with gold and silver.

• The Inca dyed and spun the wool of llamas into beautiful textiles, like blankets and clothes, and created an extensive network of roads spanning over 14,000 miles that connected their empire and facilitated communication, trade, and the movement of troops.

• The Spanish defeated the Incas with superior military technology, infectious diseases that killed millions of people, and political instability due to a civil war.

• European exploration during the 15th-17th centuries accomplished exploring and conquering new lands, establishing trading networks around the world, and building empires that changed the course of human history.

• The motivations of European exploration were gold, God, and glory, with economic motives seeking new trade routes and sources of wealth, such as spices, gold, and silver.

• The existing trade routes to Asia and the Middle East were controlled by the Ottoman Turks, making it expensive for European merchants to trade on existing routes, leading to the search for alternative routes.

• Competition with the Ottoman Turks for control of key trade routes in the Mediterranean and Middle East fueled exploration and the search for new routes to Asia, while European countries saw the establishment of colonies as a way to increase their wealth, power, and prestige among other European nations.

• European nations wanted to spread Christianity to new territories as a religious duty and a way to extend European influence, with many missionaries traveling with explorers to new territories.

• The use of coerced labor in the Americas by Europeans was to exploit the vast resources of the New World for their own economic gain, with Europeans turning to the enslavement of Africans to work on plantations due to the decline in the indigenous population.

• The Commercial Revolution contributed to the growth of trade networks and the expansion of industries, particularly in textiles and manufacturing, with joint-stock companies contributing to large-scale investment and the government using subsidies to support the development of key industries.

• The Ottoman Empire rose to power through military conquest, strategic alliances, and administrative reforms, had a hierarchical society with a rigid social structure, and applied Islamic law and customs to all Muslims in the Empire, while non-Muslims were required to pay a special tax, were prohibited from holding certain government positions, and were subject to various social and economic restrictions. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, India, commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal who died during childbirth in 1631.

Review Questions on Walters’ World Civ: Units 6-8

• The danger of a "single story" is that it leads to stereotypes, which are incomplete and rob people of dignity, focusing on differences instead of similarities.

• Major civilizations in Medieval Africa settled in West and East Africa, with ideal locations for trade and fertile land.

• Africa is rich in natural resources, including oil, gold, diamonds, and salt.

• Mansa Musa opened new trade routes, encouraged visiting caravans, and maintained economic gains by keeping a standing army.

• Trans-Saharan trade routes traded gold, ivory, salt, textiles, books, slaves, cotton cloth, iron bars, kola nuts, perfumes, beads, cowries, and copper.

• Islam spread through Trans-Saharan trade, and its tolerance allowed it to become the primary religion of West Africa.

• Trans-Saharan trade was difficult due to the massive Sahara Desert, extreme conditions, and lack of vegetation and water.

• Monsoon winds made trading across the Indian Ocean easier, allowing for mass quantities of goods to be traded.

• The decline of Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Aksum, and the Swahili Coast was caused by various factors, including internal conflict, invasions, isolation, environmental factors, and conflict with the Portuguese.

• The Renaissance reintroduced classical Greek and Roman culture, resulting in realistic art, worldly subjects, and advancements in science.

• The movable type printing press impacted Europe by making books cheaper, increasing literacy, providing access to more knowledge, and spreading ideas faster.

• Humanism was the study of worldly subjects and individualism, causing a clash with the Catholic Church, which focused on religious subjects and tradition.

• The Protestant Reformation began with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, criticizing the Church's practices and reforms, including the sale of indulgences and the belief that only priests could forgive sins.World History: Exploring the Achievements and Impact of Different Empires

• The Inca Empire was known for its advanced agriculture, architecture, and art, including the use of local plants for medicinal purposes and the development of a system of recorded information by making knots on colorful strings.

• The Inca Empire built cities, water canals, and religious temples using extremely precise, giant bricks and developed masterful skills in creating jewelry and art with gold and silver.

• The Inca dyed and spun the wool of llamas into beautiful textiles, like blankets and clothes, and created an extensive network of roads spanning over 14,000 miles that connected their empire and facilitated communication, trade, and the movement of troops.

• The Spanish defeated the Incas with superior military technology, infectious diseases that killed millions of people, and political instability due to a civil war.

• European exploration during the 15th-17th centuries accomplished exploring and conquering new lands, establishing trading networks around the world, and building empires that changed the course of human history.

• The motivations of European exploration were gold, God, and glory, with economic motives seeking new trade routes and sources of wealth, such as spices, gold, and silver.

• The existing trade routes to Asia and the Middle East were controlled by the Ottoman Turks, making it expensive for European merchants to trade on existing routes, leading to the search for alternative routes.

• Competition with the Ottoman Turks for control of key trade routes in the Mediterranean and Middle East fueled exploration and the search for new routes to Asia, while European countries saw the establishment of colonies as a way to increase their wealth, power, and prestige among other European nations.

• European nations wanted to spread Christianity to new territories as a religious duty and a way to extend European influence, with many missionaries traveling with explorers to new territories.

• The use of coerced labor in the Americas by Europeans was to exploit the vast resources of the New World for their own economic gain, with Europeans turning to the enslavement of Africans to work on plantations due to the decline in the indigenous population.

• The Commercial Revolution contributed to the growth of trade networks and the expansion of industries, particularly in textiles and manufacturing, with joint-stock companies contributing to large-scale investment and the government using subsidies to support the development of key industries.

• The Ottoman Empire rose to power through military conquest, strategic alliances, and administrative reforms, had a hierarchical society with a rigid social structure, and applied Islamic law and customs to all Muslims in the Empire, while non-Muslims were required to pay a special tax, were prohibited from holding certain government positions, and were subject to various social and economic restrictions. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, India, commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal who died during childbirth in 1631.

Review Questions on Walters’ World Civ: Units 6-8

• The danger of a "single story" is that it leads to stereotypes, which are incomplete and rob people of dignity, focusing on differences instead of similarities.

• Major civilizations in Medieval Africa settled in West and East Africa, with ideal locations for trade and fertile land.

• Africa is rich in natural resources, including oil, gold, diamonds, and salt.

• Mansa Musa opened new trade routes, encouraged visiting caravans, and maintained economic gains by keeping a standing army.

• Trans-Saharan trade routes traded gold, ivory, salt, textiles, books, slaves, cotton cloth, iron bars, kola nuts, perfumes, beads, cowries, and copper.

• Islam spread through Trans-Saharan trade, and its tolerance allowed it to become the primary religion of West Africa.

• Trans-Saharan trade was difficult due to the massive Sahara Desert, extreme conditions, and lack of vegetation and water.

• Monsoon winds made trading across the Indian Ocean easier, allowing for mass quantities of goods to be traded.

• The decline of Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Aksum, and the Swahili Coast was caused by various factors, including internal conflict, invasions, isolation, environmental factors, and conflict with the Portuguese.

• The Renaissance reintroduced classical Greek and Roman culture, resulting in realistic art, worldly subjects, and advancements in science.

• The movable type printing press impacted Europe by making books cheaper, increasing literacy, providing access to more knowledge, and spreading ideas faster.

• Humanism was the study of worldly subjects and individualism, causing a clash with the Catholic Church, which focused on religious subjects and tradition.

• The Protestant Reformation began with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, criticizing the Church's practices and reforms, including the sale of indulgences and the belief that only priests could forgive sins.World History: Exploring the Achievements and Impact of Different Empires

• The Inca Empire was known for its advanced agriculture, architecture, and art, including the use of local plants for medicinal purposes and the development of a system of recorded information by making knots on colorful strings.

• The Inca Empire built cities, water canals, and religious temples using extremely precise, giant bricks and developed masterful skills in creating jewelry and art with gold and silver.

• The Inca dyed and spun the wool of llamas into beautiful textiles, like blankets and clothes, and created an extensive network of roads spanning over 14,000 miles that connected their empire and facilitated communication, trade, and the movement of troops.

• The Spanish defeated the Incas with superior military technology, infectious diseases that killed millions of people, and political instability due to a civil war.

• European exploration during the 15th-17th centuries accomplished exploring and conquering new lands, establishing trading networks around the world, and building empires that changed the course of human history.

• The motivations of European exploration were gold, God, and glory, with economic motives seeking new trade routes and sources of wealth, such as spices, gold, and silver.

• The existing trade routes to Asia and the Middle East were controlled by the Ottoman Turks, making it expensive for European merchants to trade on existing routes, leading to the search for alternative routes.

• Competition with the Ottoman Turks for control of key trade routes in the Mediterranean and Middle East fueled exploration and the search for new routes to Asia, while European countries saw the establishment of colonies as a way to increase their wealth, power, and prestige among other European nations.

• European nations wanted to spread Christianity to new territories as a religious duty and a way to extend European influence, with many missionaries traveling with explorers to new territories.

• The use of coerced labor in the Americas by Europeans was to exploit the vast resources of the New World for their own economic gain, with Europeans turning to the enslavement of Africans to work on plantations due to the decline in the indigenous population.

• The Commercial Revolution contributed to the growth of trade networks and the expansion of industries, particularly in textiles and manufacturing, with joint-stock companies contributing to large-scale investment and the government using subsidies to support the development of key industries.

• The Ottoman Empire rose to power through military conquest, strategic alliances, and administrative reforms, had a hierarchical society with a rigid social structure, and applied Islamic law and customs to all Muslims in the Empire, while non-Muslims were required to pay a special tax, were prohibited from holding certain government positions, and were subject to various social and economic restrictions. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, India, commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal who died during childbirth in 1631.