Questions and Answers
How did the first Americans likely reach North America?
Which of these civilizations were among the most advanced to develop in the Western Hemisphere?
What was one of the key effects of the Crusades on world history?
Which new social class emerged in Europe as trade with the Orient increased?
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Which four nations were the greatest to emerge in Western Europe during this period?
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What invention is credited with bringing Europe out of the Dark Ages?
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Who is recognized for beginning the Protestant Reformation and in what year?
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How did the Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation contribute to the discovery of North America?
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Study Notes
Migration to North America
- First Americans likely reached North America via a land bridge across the Bering Strait.
Advanced Civilizations in the Western Hemisphere
- The three most advanced civilizations that developed were the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas.
Effects of the Crusades on World History
- Revived European interest in trade with the Orient.
- Contributed to the emergence of a middle class in Europe.
- Served as a model for the future conquest and colonization of the New World.
Social Changes in Europe
- The increase in trade with the Orient led to the rise of a new middle class.
Emergence of Key Nations in Western Europe
- Four significant nations that emerged in Western Europe were England, France, Spain, and Portugal.
Important Invention of the Renaissance
- The movable-type printing press, invented by Johann Gutenberg around 1440, played a crucial role in bringing Europe out of the Dark Ages.
Protestant Reformation
- Initiated by Martin Luther in 1517, marking a significant religious movement in Europe.
Renaissance and Protestant Reformation's Influence on North America
- The Renaissance fostered curiosity, advanced navigation technologies, and promoted the invention of tools like the astrolabe and compass.
- The Protestant Reformation invigorated religious life, establishing a strong foundation of biblical Christianity that influenced the development of colonies.
Key Figures and Terms
- Leif Ericson: Believed to be the first European to reach the New World.
- Iroquois Confederacy: A union of North American tribes created to maintain peace amongst themselves.
- Feudalism: A societal system based on land ownership and usage.
- Reconquista: A crusade aimed at retaking Granada from the Moors in southern Spain.
- Moors: Muslims from North Africa who occupied parts of Spain.
- Nationalism: A strong sense of pride in one’s homeland, driving aspirations for wealth, honor, and glory.
- John Calvin: A prominent Protestant reformer who influenced various religious groups, including the Huguenots, Dutch Reformed, Presbyterians, and Puritans.
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Description
Test your knowledge of early American civilizations, the impact of the Crusades, and the rise of new social classes in Europe. This quiz also covers key inventions that transformed Europe and significant historical figures in the Protestant Reformation. Dive deep into these fascinating topics!
