World Bank Development Policy and Higher Education Reforms
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Questions and Answers

What was the role of African higher education institutions in the 1960s?

  • To serve as the intellectual base for African nationalism (correct)
  • To create a small elite class
  • To promote economic development
  • To focus on primary education rather than higher education

What was the impact of the debt crisis on African higher education in the 1980s?

  • It had no impact on African higher education
  • It led to increased funding and resources for higher education
  • It led to the intervention of the IMF and World Bank in higher education policies through Structural Adjustment Programs (correct)
  • It resulted in a focus on primary education rather than higher education

What was the role of African higher education institutions in the 1990s?

  • To address the brain drain and academic crisis of the 1980s
  • To serve as agents of the knowledge-based economy in the new economic system (correct)
  • To focus on primary education rather than higher education
  • To continue promoting economic development

What was the impact of population growth on higher education in Africa in the mid-80s and 90s?

<p>It led to higher enrollment in higher education, resulting in limited capacity, quality issues, brain drain, and academic crisis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the debt crisis on higher education funding in Africa in the 1980s?

<p>It resulted in a focus on primary education funding rather than higher education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of higher education institutions in the building of African nationalism in the 1960s?

<p>They served as the intellectual base of African nationalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the World Bank to change its development policy in favor of higher education (HE)?

<p>The high social return of HE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of their budgets do sub-Saharan countries typically spend on higher education?

<p>18-20% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of higher education reforms in the 1990s?

<p>To respond to changes in the production and employment market (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the diversified dual higher education system that emerged in Africa?

<p>Equal distribution of public funding between urban and rural areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the introduction of private higher education institutions impact female participation?

<p>It increased female participation due to low admission requirements and flexibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary concern regarding the quality of education provided by profit-oriented private higher education institutions?

<p>Lack of commitment to stakeholders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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