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World Bank Development Policy and Higher Education Reforms

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World Bank Development Policy and Higher Education Reforms

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Questions and Answers

What was the role of African higher education institutions in the 1960s?

To serve as the intellectual base for African nationalism (correct)

To create a small elite class

To promote economic development

To focus on primary education rather than higher education

What was the impact of the debt crisis on African higher education in the 1980s?

It had no impact on African higher education

It led to increased funding and resources for higher education

It led to the intervention of the IMF and World Bank in higher education policies through Structural Adjustment Programs (correct)

It resulted in a focus on primary education rather than higher education

What was the role of African higher education institutions in the 1990s?

To address the brain drain and academic crisis of the 1980s

To serve as agents of the knowledge-based economy in the new economic system (correct)

To focus on primary education rather than higher education

To continue promoting economic development

What was the impact of population growth on higher education in Africa in the mid-80s and 90s?

It led to higher enrollment in higher education, resulting in limited capacity, quality issues, brain drain, and academic crisis Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the debt crisis on higher education funding in Africa in the 1980s?

It resulted in a focus on primary education funding rather than higher education Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of higher education institutions in the building of African nationalism in the 1960s?

They served as the intellectual base of African nationalism Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the World Bank to change its development policy in favor of higher education (HE)?

The high social return of HE Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of their budgets do sub-Saharan countries typically spend on higher education?

18-20% Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of higher education reforms in the 1990s?

To respond to changes in the production and employment market Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the diversified dual higher education system that emerged in Africa?

Equal distribution of public funding between urban and rural areas Signup and view all the answers

How did the introduction of private higher education institutions impact female participation?

It increased female participation due to low admission requirements and flexibility Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary concern regarding the quality of education provided by profit-oriented private higher education institutions?

Lack of commitment to stakeholders Signup and view all the answers