Work Measurement and Its Applications
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What is the main purpose of work measurement?

  • To determine the number of machines an operator can run
  • To determine the quality of the product
  • To eliminate ineffective time and set standards of performance (correct)
  • To prepare schedules of work

    • What is the primary objective of stop-watch time study?

  • To determine the most effective method of doing a job (correct)
  • To provide information for labour budgeting
  • To balance the work of team members
  • To enable schedules of work to be prepared

    • What is the purpose of breaking down a job into elements?

  • To separate productive and unproductive activities (correct)
  • To determine the quality of the product
  • To assign tasks to team members
  • To identify the most difficult part of the job

    • What is the next step after recording data in the work measurement process?

    <p>Examine the recorded data critically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of activity sampling in work measurement?

    <p>To observe the worker's performance and identify areas for improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a basic procedure in work measurement?

    <p>Select the work to be studied and determine the objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of analytical estimating in work measurement?

    <p>To estimate the time required to complete a job based on historical data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of synthesis from standard data in work measurement?

    <p>To estimate the time required to complete a job based on standard data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of predetermined motion time systems (PMTS) in work measurement?

    <p>To provide a standard time for a specific task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the work measurement process?

    <p>Issue the time standards for the activities and methods specified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of work measurement?

    <p>To establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the uses of work measurement?

    <p>To provide information on which estimates of tenders, selling prices and delivery promises can be based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of work measurement in terms of team work?

    <p>To balance the work of members of a team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of ineffective time detection in work measurement?

    <p>It helps to separate ineffective time from effective time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can work measurement assist in the organization of labour?

    <p>By enabling a daily comparison to be made between actual times and target times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between work measurement and labour budgeting?

    <p>Work measurement provides the basis for labour budgeting and budgetary control systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of work measurement in planning and scheduling of production?

    <p>It provides information on which the planning and scheduling of production can be based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of setting time standards in work measurement?

    <p>To determine the target time for carrying out the work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of work measurement in terms of incentive schemes?

    <p>It provides the basis for realistic and fair incentive schemes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of work measurement in terms of labour cost control?

    <p>It helps to fix and maintain standard costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting information to compile standard data?

    <p>To select the best method by comparing the work elements of two or more given methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technique used to estimate the time values for long and non-repetitive operations?

    <p>Analytical Estimating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for rate fixing for non-repetitive works in industries?

    <p>Analytical Estimating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Synthesis and Analytical Estimating?

    <p>Synthesis builds up the total time by adding the times for different elements, while Analytical Estimating does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a Blanket Relaxation Allowance in Analytical Estimating?

    <p>To provide a buffer for the operator's fatigue and relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of elements in P.M.T.S?

    <p>Elements have a duration of 0.1 second or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between Macro and Micro data?

    <p>Macro data deals with larger elements, while Micro data deals with smaller elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of separating constant time elements from variable time elements?

    <p>To identify the elements that can be improved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of Analytical Estimating?

    <p>It aids in planning and scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Synthesis and P.M.T.S?

    <p>Synthesis deals with larger elements, while P.M.T.S deals with smaller elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Micro data based on?

    <p>Smaller division of motions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is PMTS defined as?

    <p>A measurement technique that uses basic human motions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of PMTS technique?

    <p>It avoids the inaccuracies introduced by human judgement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assumed in PMTS technique?

    <p>All manual tasks are made up of certain basic human movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average time taken by industrial workers to perform a movement?

    <p>Constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in collecting PMTS data?

    <p>Select a large number of workers doing varieties of jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of recording the job operations on a movie film?

    <p>To analyse the job operations and note down the time taken to complete each element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of analysing the film and noting down the time taken to complete each element?

    <p>A compilation of data in the form of a table or chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of compiling the data in the form of a table or chart?

    <p>To establish work times for basic human motions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of using PMTS technique?

    <p>Establishing work times for basic human motions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Work Measurement

    • Work measurement is a technique used to establish the time required for a qualified worker to complete a specified job at a defined level of performance.
    • It helps management to measure the time taken for an operation or series of operations, detecting ineffective time and separating it from effective time.

    Objectives and Uses of Work Measurement

    • Compare the efficiency of alternative methods.
    • Balance the work of team members.
    • Determine the number of machines an operator can run.
    • Set time standards for carrying out work.
    • Provide information for estimating tenders, selling prices, and delivery promises.
    • Assist in planning and scheduling production.
    • Provide a basis for realistic and fair incentive schemes.
    • Assist in labor cost control and budgeting.
    • Help in organizing labor by comparing actual times with target times.

    Techniques of Work Measurement

    • Stop-watch time study.
    • Predetermined motion time systems (PMTS).
    • Activity sampling or work sampling.
    • Analytical estimating.
    • Synthesis from standard data.

    Basic Procedure for Work Measurement

    • Select the work to be studied and determine the objectives.
    • Record relevant data and break down the job into elements.
    • Examine the recorded data to ensure the most effective method and motion are used.
    • Measure the time required to complete each element using measurement techniques.
    • Compile the standard time for the operation or work cycle.

    Stop-Watch Procedure for Collecting Time Study Data

    • Establish the quality to be achieved in the product.
    • Identify operations to be timed.
    • Obtain the improved procedure from the method study department.
    • Collect necessary equipment and ensure accuracy.
    • Select the worker to be observed and explain the objectives.
    • Break down operations into small elements and record them on the proper form.

    Analytical Estimating

    • A technique used to estimate time standards for long and non-repetitive operations.
    • It determines time values by using synthetic data or past experience.
    • It involves breaking down the job into elements, selecting time values, and adding a blanket relaxation allowance.
    • Advantages include planning and scheduling, rate fixing, labor control, and possessing the same advantages as synthesis.

    Difference between Synthesis, PMTS, and Analytical Estimating

    • Synthesis builds up total time by adding element times from a catalogue.
    • PMTS deals with basic human motions of duration 0.1 seconds or less.
    • Analytical Estimating differs from PMTS in element duration.

    Predetermined Motion Time System (PMTS)

    • A technique used to measure work times by classifying basic human motions.
    • It is based on the idea that all manual tasks are made up of certain basic human movements.
    • The technique involves selecting a large number of workers, recording job operations on a movie film, and analyzing the film to compile PMTS data.

    Technique of PMTS

    • It does not measure element time by a stop watch, avoiding human judgment.
    • It assumes that the time taken by workers to perform basic movements is practically constant.
    • The technique involves collecting PMTS data by recording job operations on film and analyzing the film to compile data.

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    Description

    Learn about work measurement, its objectives, and uses in comparing efficiency, balancing workload, and determining machine capacity. Understand how it helps in identifying ineffective time and improving performance.

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