Women in the Workforce and Changing Roles
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of women with children under 18 are employed in the U.S.?

Over 70 percent

What are some traditional fields where women are most commonly employed?

Clerical, sales, education, and service

What does the term 'glass ceiling' refer to in the context of women's careers?

It refers to the barriers preventing women from reaching executive positions.

Why have many families transitioned from traditional roles where mothers stay at home?

<p>One income is often not enough to support the family.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some childcare solutions for working parents mentioned in the text?

<p>Day-care facilities and informal day-care centers in private homes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What benefits do companies and hospitals see by providing day care at the workplace?

<p>They see happier and more productive employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a nanny for wealthy individuals or couples?

<p>A nanny cares for the children in their own home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do young couples typically arrange their work schedules regarding child-care responsibilities?

<p>They try to work opposite hours or shifts to ensure one parent is always home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has Dr. Leon Hoffman noted as a significant cultural change regarding fathers and their children?

<p>Fathers are spending more time with their children and are more involved in caregiving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason some fathers become 'house husbands'?

<p>In some cases, the woman's salary is sufficient for family expenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Dual Income Families

The situation where both parents work outside the home to support the family financially.

Changing Role of Women

The increase in women working outside of the home in the U.S. since the 1950s and 1960s, moving away from the traditional model of the stay-at-home mother.

Glass Ceiling

The challenges women face in achieving high-level positions in business, government, and banking. Often referred to as a barrier preventing advancement.

Nuclear Families

The growing trend of families moving away from extended family support systems and relying on paid childcare or other arrangements for their children.

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Flextime

An alternative work schedule that allows employees to work flexible hours, often with some work done from home.

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Shared Child-Care Responsibilities

When parents work opposing shifts or hours to ensure one parent is always home with the children. This allows for cost savings and creates a balanced family environment.

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Increased Father Involvement

A trend where fathers are taking on more active roles in child-care, spending time with their children and participating in decisions that affect their lives.

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House Husband

A situation where the father stays home while the mother works and provides for the family's expenses.

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Nanny from another country

The practice of hiring a person from a different country to provide childcare in one's home.

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Workplace Daycare

Offers childcare services within a workplace, aiming to enhance employee well-being and productivity.

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Study Notes

Women in the Workforce

  • High percentage of women with children under 18 have jobs outside the home (over 70% in the US)
  • Many work in traditional female-dominated fields (clerical, sales, education, service)
  • Increasing number work in demanding careers (engineering, politics, medicine, law, science)
  • Women are breaking through the "glass ceiling" in executive roles
  • Economic factors are a major driver for women's employment (e.g., single mothers, dual-income families)
  • Work arrangements for women include full-time, part-time, and flexible schedules (flextime, job-sharing)

Changing Roles of Married Women

  • Dramatic shift since 1950s/60s from stay-at-home mothers to working mothers
  • Traditional image (husband breadwinner, wife homemaker) is now rare (only 7% in the US)

Childcare Arrangements

  • Shift from extended family childcare to immediate family or single-parent homes
  • Common childcare methods include daycare facilities, private homes, in-home nannies, and workplace daycare
  • Increasing trend of shared childcare responsibilities between parents (opposite shifts, shared housework)
  • Fathers are increasingly involved in childcare (cooking, bathing, laundry, decision-making) indicating cultural shift
  • A "house husband" is a less common, but positive, trend
  • Wealthier families may hire nannies (often from other countries)
  • Companies/hospitals are increasingly offering workplace childcare to improve employee happiness and productivity
  • Shared child-care is improving financial and time conditions for couples.
  • Fathers spend more time with children, with 41% of children reporting equal time with both parents and this is considered a significant change.

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Description

Explore the significant shifts in women's roles in the workforce over the decades. This quiz delves into statistics on employment among mothers, the rise of women in diverse professions, and changing childcare arrangements. Understand the impact of economic factors and evolving societal norms on women's employment.

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