Women and Social Welfare

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Questions and Answers

What factor primarily affects women's claims for social welfare benefits?

Community service involvement

Family and marital roles (correct)

Educational qualifications

Paid employment status

How do men's claims for welfare benefits typically differ from women's claims?

Men have higher eligibility requirements

Men's claims are not affected by race

Men's claims are linked to employment loss (correct)

Men claim benefits based on family status

Which of the following concepts best explains the disparity in treatment of claims between men and women in welfare systems?

The dependency theory

Social integration approach

Economic resilience theory

Two-tier social welfare formulation (correct)

Which of the following groups has been shown to be overrepresented among clients of social assistance schemes?

Women from diverse ethnic backgrounds Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about the eligibility requirements for welfare benefits related to motherhood or marriage?

They are often associated with lower benefit levels Signup and view all the answers

What role do dependency relations play in labor force participation patterns according to the content?

They shape the dynamics of breadwinner-housewife households Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for the decline in women's claims based on domestic and caring work in recent decades?

Greater integration of women into the workforce Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable characteristic of how social welfare programs treat clients based on their marital status?

Marital status can lead to lower eligibility and benefit levels Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the types of claims made in social assistance versus social insurance programs?

They differ primarily by gender and familial status. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences women's access to indirect claims for benefits?

Marital status and spouse's employment Signup and view all the answers

How do two-tiered systems impact the political interests of women?

They often overlook the needs of single-parent families. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason men from racial or ethnic minorities may rely on social assistance?

Disproportionate unemployment in those groups. Signup and view all the answers

In what way do welfare pensions differ between countries with varying poverty rates, such as Sweden and the United States?

Earnings-related pensions dominate in Sweden over flat-rate systems. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of childless women regarding Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)?

They are ineligible for benefits under AFDC. Signup and view all the answers

What is an impact of social benefits on women participating in the labor market?

Benefits often tie women’s financial stability to their marital status. Signup and view all the answers

What structural element of the welfare state complicates the economic independence of women?

Dependence on a spouse's employment for benefits. Signup and view all the answers

How do benefits based on universal citizenship potentially contribute to gender equality?

They may be more conducive to equitable benefits than work- or need-based benefits. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of decommodification on labor market participation?

It allows individuals to rely on non-market income sources. Signup and view all the answers

Which welfare state regime typically prioritizes benefits based on labor market participation?

Liberal regimes Signup and view all the answers

How do social benefits tend to reinforce the gender division of labor?

They often neglect public services beneficial to women. Signup and view all the answers

What evidence suggests a gender bias in the types of social benefits provided?

Programs funded are insufficient for women's needs. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario are entitlements based solely on citizenship less effective?

When they are designed to assist market-dependent individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main criticisms of the welfare state regimes regarding gender?

They often overlook the needs of women who rely on unpaid work. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor negatively influences women's access to market-based welfare benefits?

The prioritization of benefits based on paid work Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historically, women have been more involved in voluntary and charitable work, and less in paid labor.
Women's welfare claims are often based on unpaid domestic and caring work, while men's claims are more often based on paid employment.
Women are overrepresented among clients of social assistance schemes, even though many are indirectly incorporated into the welfare state through their husbands' contributions.
In the US, women are more likely to be tied to the welfare state as either mothers or wives, but this distinction can vary significantly by race, ethnicity, and class.

Gender Differences in Welfare Systems

Two-tier welfare systems are more common in liberal regimes, where benefits are based on employment contributions or needs.
Men and women have unequal benefits in these systems, with women's claims (often based on familial roles) receiving lower benefits compared to work-based claims.
Women in two-tiered systems are often more reliant on public benefits than men, particularly in liberal regimes.
The Scandinavian social welfare model tends to prioritize individuals with paid labor market participation, which can negatively impact women who are out of the paid workforce.

Gender Equality and Welfare

Benefits based on universal citizenship are more conducive to gender equality than those based on work or need, but these benefits often lack sufficient funding for women's needs.
Decommodification, or the government's provision of resources, strengthens workers' bargaining power in the market and is linked to political power.
Decommodification can help reduce dependence on the market for welfare benefits and improve the social and political standings of women who may be disadvantaged by reliance on the market.

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Description

This quiz explores the historical and social dynamics of women's involvement in welfare systems. It delves into how gender differences impact welfare claims, benefits, and the role of unpaid domestic work. Additionally, it examines the intersections of race, ethnicity, and class in shaping these experiences.