Women and Child Health Issues

Which of the following is a leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the first trimester?

Methotrexate is a drug used to enhance rapidly dividing trophoblastic cells.

What percentage of reported pregnancies involve ectopic pregnancies?

A spontaneous abortion that is complicated by intrauterine infection is termed a __________ abortion.

Match the risk factors for ectopic pregnancy with their correct descriptions:

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?

Three or more consecutive pregnancy losses define recurrent spontaneous abortion.

What treatment involves monitoring progress in ectopic pregnancies?

Chromosomal abnormalities account for __________ of spontaneous abortions.

What is a common consequence of using methotrexate in treating ectopic pregnancy?

Course Learning Outcomes

Ability to discuss issues related to woman and child health prevalent today.
Understanding training, roles, and practices of professionals working in woman and child health.
Knowledge of ethical and legal challenges in delivering human services to pregnant women and young children.

Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy affects approximately 1.9% of reported pregnancies.
It is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the first trimester.
Ruptured ectopic pregnancies contribute to 10-15% of all maternal deaths.

Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy

Previous tubal surgery and history of ectopic pregnancy increase risk.
In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), used until 1971, correlates with miscarriage and premature delivery.
Prior genital infections, infertility issues, and current smoking raise susceptibility.
Previous use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) also noted as a risk factor.

Treatment Approaches for Ectopic Pregnancy

Expectant management: Observation and monitoring of condition.
Medical treatment: Use of methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist that inhibits rapidly dividing trophoblastic cells.
Surgical options: Laparoscopy with salpingostomy without removal of the fallopian tube.

Abortions: Definitions and Context

Ectopic pregnancy and septic abortion are significant contributors to pregnancy-related mortality.
Septic abortion: Involves intrauterine infection complicating a spontaneous abortion.
Recurrent spontaneous abortion: Defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses.

Etiology and Risk Factors for Spontaneous Abortion

Chromosomal abnormalities account for 49% of spontaneous abortions, typically occurring as random events.
Additional factors potentially influencing risk include stress, marijuana use, and sexual activity.

This quiz explores critical topics surrounding women's and children's health. Students will engage with contemporary issues, ethical considerations, and the role of healthcare workers in these fields. Assess your understanding of the training and practices essential for providing care to pregnant women and young children.