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Questions and Answers

What primarily causes motion at joints?

  • Muscle contraction (correct)
  • Bone density
  • Joint lubrication
  • Ligament flexibility

How many skeletal muscles does the human body have?

  • Over 800
  • Over 600 (correct)
  • Over 400
  • Over 200

Which statement about the origins of skeletal muscles is true?

  • They are always smaller than insertions.
  • They always move.
  • They normally remain stationary. (correct)
  • They attach directly to tendons.

What are the non-contractile elements of a muscle responsible for?

<p>Distributing tension and supporting structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of a motor unit?

<p>Motor neurone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle explains the recruitment order of motor units?

<p>Size principle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'all or none' law refer to in muscle contraction?

<p>A motor unit either contracts fully or not at all. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is variability in motor unit sizes important?

<p>It influences the force generating capacity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following movements is primarily associated with the ankle joint?

<p>Dorsiflexion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscle is predominantly responsible for ankle plantarflexion?

<p>Soleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions does the subtalar joint NOT perform?

<p>Lateral rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the tibialis posterior muscle?

<p>Support foot arches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which movement does the foot move towards the midline of the body?

<p>Inversion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT responsible for ankle movements?

<p>Quadriceps femoris (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is characterized by the toes moving away from the shin?

<p>Plantarflexion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily impaired if the ankle joint’s dorsiflexion is limited?

<p>Walking on heels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intrinsic muscles are primarily responsible for extending the toes?

<p>Extensor digitorum brevis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is not an intrinsic muscle that flexes the toes?

<p>Extensor hallucis longus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intrinsic muscles are responsible for abducting the toes?

<p>Dorsal interossei (C), Abductor digiti minimi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the intrinsic muscles that adduct the toes?

<p>To bring the toes closer to the midline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intrinsic muscle acts as an antagonist to those that flex the toes?

<p>Extensor digitorum longus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of intrinsic muscles in the foot?

<p>To produce foot movements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following intrinsic muscles is known for adducting the toes?

<p>Plantar interossei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intrinsic muscles that extend the toes include which of the following?

<p>Extensor digitorum brevis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is not primarily classified as an intrinsic muscle of the foot?

<p>Tibialis anterior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To which group do the intrinsic muscles that help flex the toes belong?

<p>Flexors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the two heads of gastrocnemius arise?

<p>Medial and lateral condyles of the femur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates each head of gastrocnemius from the knee joint capsule?

<p>Popliteal bursa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the heads of gastrocnemius as they pass down the leg?

<p>They taper into a single tendon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the gastrocnemius ultimately attach?

<p>Calcaneus via the tendocalcaneus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nerve supply of gastrocnemius?

<p>Tibial nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions of the gastrocnemius muscle?

<p>Plantarflexion of the foot and knee flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main activity during which the calf muscles exert their force on the posterior part of the foot?

<p>Jumping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much strain is the tendocalcaneus able to withstand?

<p>10 times body weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the plantar interossei muscles primarily do?

<p>Adduct the toes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intrinsic muscle is located in the 1st layer of the foot?

<p>Abductor digiti minimi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dorsal interossei muscles?

<p>Abduct the toes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many layers of intrinsic muscles are typically described in the foot?

<p>4 layers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plantar aponeurosis?

<p>Support the arches of the foot (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is known to be located on the dorsum of the foot?

<p>Extensor digitorum brevis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the arches of the foot when weight is applied?

<p>They become flatter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is included in the 3rd layer of intrinsic muscles in the foot?

<p>Adductor hallucis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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