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Questions and Answers

What is the correct anatomical position?

  • Sitting with legs crossed
  • Standing erect with eyes looking forward and palms facing forward (correct)
  • Lying down with the face up
  • Standing with feet apart and arms raised

The coronal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

False (B)

What movement is described as the bending of a limb, bringing the distal segment closer to the proximal segment?

Flexion

The movement of turning the palm of the hand backwards is called _______.

<p>Pronation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the anatomical terms with their definitions:

<p>Ventral = Anterior Superior = Upper Proximal = Closer to the point of attachment Medial = Closer to the median plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is primarily responsible for the involuntary control of the heart?

<p>Cardiac muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Skeletal muscles are controlled by the involuntary parts of the nervous system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle is found in the walls of visceral organs and blood vessels?

<p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _________ is the pacemaker of the heart.

<p>SA node</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of skeletal muscles with their descriptions:

<p>Strap or ribbon-like muscles = Give wide range of movement Triangular (Fan-shaped) muscles = Converge from origin to insertion Spiral muscles = Twist between muscle fibers Oblique fibers = Not parallel to line of pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Protraction & Retraction

Moving a body part forward and backward, like the lower jaw.

Muscular System

System of contractile cells that produce movement in the body and organs.

Smooth Muscle

Spindle-shaped, unstriated muscles in visceral organs and blood vessels, responsible for peristalsis.

Cardiac Muscle

Striated, branching muscle of the heart with spontaneous rhythmic contractions.

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Skeletal Muscle

Striated, large muscle attached to bones, responsible for body movement and heat generation.

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Muscle Fiber Arrangement

Parallel fibers provide a wider range of movement, while oblique fibers (triangular/spiral) are for focused or controlled movement.

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Origin of Muscle

Fixed end of a skeletal muscle during contraction.

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Insertion of Muscle

Moving end of a skeletal muscle during contraction.

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Skeletal Muscle Functions

Movement, posture, and heat generation.

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Anatomical Position

Erect posture, eyes forward, arms at sides, palms forward, feet together.

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Sagittal Plane

Vertical plane dividing the body into left and right halves.

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Midsagittal Plane

Specific sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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Parasagittal Plane

Any sagittal plane offset from the midsagittal plane.

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Coronal Plane

Vertical plane dividing the body into front and back.

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Transverse Plane

Horizontal plane dividing the body into top and bottom.

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Ventral (Anterior)

Toward the front of the body.

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Dorsal (Posterior)

Toward the back of the body.

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Superior (Cranial)

Toward the head or upper part of the body.

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Inferior (Caudal)

Toward the feet or lower part of the body.

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Medial

Toward the midline of the body.

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Lateral

Away from the midline of the body.

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Superficial

Toward the surface of the body.

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Deep

Away from the surface of the body.

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Flexion

Bending movement at a joint.

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Extension

Straightening movement at a joint.

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Abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body.

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Adduction

Movement towards the midline of the body.

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Rotation

Movement around an axis.

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