Unit 6

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Questions and Answers

Activated carbon is produced from carbonaceous material, such as: (Select all that apply)

  • coconut shells (correct)
  • peat (correct)
  • wood (correct)
  • coal (correct)
  • magnesium

When testing boiler water, the operator should wear the following PPE: (Select all that apply)

  • eye protection (correct)
  • hearing protection (correct)
  • safety boots (correct)
  • coveralls (correct)
  • gloves (correct)

Carbon dioxide dissolves in the liquid condensate and forms:

  • hydrocarbon
  • carbonic soda
  • hydronic acid
  • carbonic acid (correct)

Corrosion rates associated with oxygen are not as high in chiller systems as they are in boilers or condensers because:

<p>they operate at lower temperatures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Manufacturer guidelines often recommend dosing heating and cooling systems with _____ initially to scavenge any oxygen:

<p>sulfite</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are the primary condensate tests operators should perform? (Select all that apply)

<p>corrosion byproducts (A), conductivity (D), pH (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boiler water with a pH of 6 is considered:

<p>acidic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two main corrosion tests operators perform on cooling water are:

<p>pH and corrosion coupon tests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Even in automated cooling systems an operator is crucial in:

<p>performing general inspections, tests, and maintenance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The regenerant used to regenerate an anion demineralizer is:

<p>caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scaling in cooling towers can lead to:

<p>increased operating costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In this type of deaerator water is broken up by nozzles emitting the steam:

<p>spray type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Internal water treatment is:

<p>adding chemicals to the boiler water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Free corrosive carbon dioxide is released if the _____ concentration is excessive in the boiler.

<p>bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the form of corrosion which occurs when one part of the metal system is preferentially removed in a cooling system?:

<p>selective leaching (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To prevent solids of chlorides, silica, and iron from entering the boiler system the condensate passes through a:

<p>condensate polisher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maintenance of the appropriate ratio of dissolved solids in the circulation water to the dissolved solids in the make-up feedwater is known as:

<p>Cycling control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scaling in cooling towers is not as severe as in boilers because:

<p>the operating temperatures are much lower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Corrosion coupons used in cooling and heating systems should be removed and tested every:

<p>one to three months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

These chemicals, used to protect against biological fouling, are poisonous and caution should be employed when working with them:

<p>biocides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the regeneration of a sodium zeolite water softener in the "Rinse" stage the item(s) going to the sewer is/are:

<p>calcium and magnesium ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to remove suspended matter from plugged filter beds?

<p>backwashing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Zeolite of a sodium zeolite softener may be discharged to the sewer during the:

<p>backwash stage of a regeneration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cooling towers by design use:

<p>lots of water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Generally, a target range for residual phosphate in boiler water is:

<p>20 to 40 ppm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

This type of blowdown is directly related to the amount of makeup water added to the cooling tower:

<p>makeup proportional blowdown (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The main piece of equipment used to deliver titration reagents to samples is a:

<p>burette (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mixed bed polishers are usually designed for a high specific flow rate of:

<p>80 - 120 bed volumes per hour (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two main types of glycol used to prevent freezing in operating plants are:

<p>ethylene and propylene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of dissolved solids?

<p>magnesium sulphate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common metal used for sacrificial anodes is:

<p>zinc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

These are commonly used in boiler water treatment programs to trap metallic ions and make scale more soluble:

<p>chelants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

This substance reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions and precipitates out of the solution:

<p>phosphate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phenolphthalein is:

<p>an indicator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pumps used for boiler chemical feed are normally of this type:

<p>high pressure, low capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The main impurities of concern in condensate are:

<p>CO2, O2, and corrosion solids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The chemical equation, which represents the modification of bicarbonates in hard water by the use of a zeolite softener, is:

<p>Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2 Z --&gt; CaZ + 2NaHCO3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monitoring make-up water and conductivity in your cooling system can be a good indicator of:

<p>a leak (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cartridge type filters are similar to a filter found in:

<p>an oil filter on a car engine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is important to keep the heat exchanger in your chiller system as clean as possible to maintain efficiency as well as to:

<p>prevent corrosion where deposits form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Activated carbon source?

Carbonaceous materials like wood, coconut shells, peat, and coal.

PPE for boiler water testing?

Gloves, safety boots, coveralls, hearing protection, and eye protection.

CO2 dissolves to form?

Carbonic acid (H2CO3).

Chillers corrode slower because?

Lower temperatures reduce corrosion by slowing down reaction rates and reducing oxygen diffusion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oxygen scavenger additive?

Sulfite.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Condensate tests?

Conductivity and corrosion byproducts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

pH of 6?

Acidic.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cooling water corrosion tests?

pH and corrosion coupon tests.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Operator crucial for?

Performing general inspections, tests, and maintenance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Regenerant for anion demineralizer?

Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scaling leads to?

Increased operating costs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Deaerator nozzle type?

Spray type.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Internal water treatment means?

Adding chemicals to the boiler water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CO2 released?

Bicarbonate concentration is excessive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Preferential metal corrosion?

Selective leaching.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Activated carbon can be produced from carbonaceous material such as wood, coconut shells, peat, and coal.
  • When testing boiler water, operators should wear the following PPE: gloves, safety boots, coveralls, hearing protection, and eye protection.
  • Carbon dioxide dissolves in liquid condensate and forms carbonic acid.
  • Corrosion rates associated with oxygen are not as high in chiller systems as they are in boilers or condensers because they operate at lower temperatures.
  • Manufacturer guidelines often recommend dosing heating and cooling systems with sulfite initially to scavenge any oxygen.
  • Primary condensate tests operators should perform are conductivity and corrosion byproducts.
  • Boiler water with a pH of 6 is considered acidic.
  • The two main corrosion tests operators perform on cooling water are pH and corrosion coupon tests.
  • Even in automated cooling systems, an operator is crucial in performing general inspections, tests, and maintenance.
  • The regenerant used to regenerate an anion demineralizer is caustic soda (sodium hydroxide).
  • Scaling in cooling towers can lead to increased operating costs.
  • In spray type deaerators, water is broken up by nozzles emitting the steam.
  • Internal water treatment is adding chemicals to the boiler water.
  • Free corrosive carbon dioxide is released if the bicarbonate concentration is excessive in the boiler.
  • Selective leaching is the form of corrosion that occurs when one part of the metal system is preferentially removed in a cooling system.
  • To prevent solids of chlorides, silica, and iron from entering the boiler system, the condensate passes through a condensate polisher.
  • Maintaining the appropriate ratio of dissolved solids in circulation water to dissolved solids in make-up feedwater is known as Cycling control.
  • Scaling in cooling towers is not as severe as in boilers because the operating temperatures are much lower.
  • Corrosion coupons used in cooling and heating systems should be removed and tested every one to three months.
  • Biocides, which protect against biological fouling, are poisonous, so caution should be employed when working with them.
  • During the regeneration of a sodium zeolite water softener in the "Rinse" stage, the items going to the sewer are calcium and magnesium ions.
  • Backwashing is used to remove suspended matter from plugged filter beds.
  • Zeolite of a sodium zeolite softener may be discharged to the sewer during the backwash stage of a regeneration.
  • Cooling towers by design use lots of water.
  • Generally, a target range for residual phosphate in boiler water is 20 to 40 ppm.
  • Makeup proportional blowdown is directly related to the amount of makeup water added to the cooling tower.
  • A burette is the main piece of equipment used to deliver titration reagents to samples.
  • Mixed bed polishers are usually designed for a high specific flow rate of 80 - 120 bed volumes per hour.
  • The two main types of glycol used to prevent freezing in operating plants are ethylene and propylene.
  • Magnesium sulfate is an example of dissolved solids.
  • Zinc is a common metal used for sacrificial anodes.
  • Chelants are commonly used in boiler water treatment programs to trap metallic ions and make scale more soluble.
  • Phosphate reacts with calcium and magnesium ions and precipitates out of the solution.
  • Phenolphthalein is an indicator.
  • Pumps used for boiler chemical feed are normally high pressure, low capacity.
  • The main impurities of concern in condensate are CO2, O2, and corrosion solids.
  • The chemical equation representing the modification of bicarbonates in hard water by the use of a zeolite softener is: Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2Z --> CaZ + 2NaHCO3.
  • Monitoring make-up water and conductivity in a cooling system can indicate a leak.
  • Cartridge type filters are similar to an oil filter on a car engine.
  • Keeping the heat exchanger in a chiller system clean is important to maintain efficiency and prevent corrosion where deposits form.

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