Wireless Mobile & Multimedia Networking - Ad-hoc Networks 3

<p>Higher likelihood of route reply storms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using shorter routes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They only initiate routing processes when a path is needed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sender knows the complete path to the destination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Route Discovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By eliminating periodic routing updates. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited scalability in large networks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimizing message exchanges by storing routes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Route Discovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish a route from the source node to the destination node (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static Route Algorithm (SRA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Source node (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rebroadcast it to neighbouring nodes if conditions are met (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unique ID field generated by the source node (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When it receives a RouteRequest packet from the source node (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unique ID field/sequence number (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RouteReply (RREP) packet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Route Optimization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish routes in a network (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intermediate nodes 2, 6, and 7 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The identifying number of the RouteRequest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1, 7, 9, 12 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The destination node sends its route replies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By sending a single RouteReply back (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To store routes for destination nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sequence of nodes traversed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To find a route to the destination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to stale routes and increased route errors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A RouteError (RERR) message is generated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They remove cached entries that are related to the broken link (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It starts the route discovery procedure again (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cached routes may become stale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It floods the network with route discovery requests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased route discovery speed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It floods a RouteRequest message. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Node 8 sends a RouteError message to source Node 1. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces control overhead and route setting time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Route maintenance does not repair a broken link locally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routing overhead is proportional to the path length. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may lead to incorrect routing decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It re-discovers a route to the destination node. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the path length. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A routing protocol where path finding is only performed when a node needs to communicate with a destination.

A reactive routing protocol where the source node initiates the route discovery process.

The process of finding a route from a source node to a destination node in a DSR network.

A data structure that stores previously discovered routes in a DSR network.

A mechanism in DSR to maintain the validity of routes by detecting and reacting to changes in the network.

The step in which a DSR source node receives a route reply from the destination node.

The process of updating routes in a DSR network when network conditions change.

These protocols require communication between nodes only when required, reducing network overhead.

DSR's initial step to find a path from a source to a destination node.

The source node broadcasts a RouteRequest packet (RREQ) to all neighboring nodes.

Intermediate nodes forward the RREQ, preventing loops and redundant forwarding.

The destination node, upon receiving the RREQ, replies with a RouteReply (RREP) packet, containing the complete path to the source.

The RREQ is a broadcast packet flooded throughout the network. It contains the source and destination addresses and a unique ID to prevent loop formation.

A unicast packet sent by the destination node to the source, containing the route information.

DSR stores previously discovered routes in the network, enabling faster communication in the future.

A data structure in DSR that stores routes to destinations, aiding in faster route construction.

A message used in DSR to communicate changes in network topology. It's transmitted when a wireless link breaks.

A DSR message used to inform a source node that a route has been found. It's sent by a node with information from its route cache.

They are used to share route information between nodes. It's used during route construction when nodes need to find a path to the destination.

The process of updating routes in a DSR network when network conditions (such as link breakage) change. It ensures the network stays connected by finding new routes.

They reduce the overhead of communication between nodes, making the network more efficient. But, in DSR, they can lead to stale routes, cache overflow, increased route errors, and potential security vulnerabilities.

A node in DSR that wants to send data floods the network with a request message. It's the first step in identifying a path to a destination node.

Old routes become irrelevant when the network changes, increasing route errors and delays.

A control message sent by a node in DSR that is unable to reach a destination indicating a route failure.

A message flooded throughout a DSR network by the source node, requesting a route to a destination node.

The overhead associated with finding and establishing a route in a network. In DSR, this can involve broadcasting RouteRequest packets and processing replies.

The time taken to establish a route between two nodes in a network. In DSR, it involves flooding RouteRequest messages and waiting for responses.

In DSR, the length of the discovered path between the source and destination node. Longer paths can increase routing overhead and packet header size.

Intermediate nodes that receive the RREQ packet forward it to their neighbors, expanding the search for the destination.

When a node has knowledge of a route to the destination, it sends a "Route Reply" (RREP) back to the source node.

The source node can now use the received route in the RREP packet to communicate with the destination.

The source node checks the cache for a route to the destination before initiating a new route discovery process.

DSR is a 'reactive' protocol because it only searches for routes when needed. It does not constantly update routing information like proactive protocols.

A situation where a node in a network receives many route reply packets, flooding the network and consuming bandwidth. This can happen when nodes reply based on their route caches, leading to multiple paths being reported.

A strategy to reduce the occurrence of route reply storms by delaying the sending of route replies for a short, random duration. This prevents nodes from sending replies almost simultaneously.

A method to mitigate route reply storms by allowing only the shortest route reply to be sent by a node. This prevents multiple replies for the same route, reducing network congestion.

A routing protocol where the source node initiates route discovery when it needs to send data to a destination node. The discovery involves broadcasting a route request, and the destination responds with a route reply.

The overhead associated with network communication can increase as the network size grows, as more nodes and connections are involved. Larger networks generally require more resources and processing power to manage.