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Questions and Answers
What flavor profile is primarily associated with Chardonnay from cooler regions?
What flavor profile is primarily associated with Chardonnay from cooler regions?
Which grape variety is known for producing wines that range from dry to sweet?
Which grape variety is known for producing wines that range from dry to sweet?
What are the typical characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc wines?
What are the typical characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc wines?
Which wine region is famously known for Chardonnay?
Which wine region is famously known for Chardonnay?
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What flavor notes are commonly found in Cabernet Sauvignon?
What flavor notes are commonly found in Cabernet Sauvignon?
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What happens to Riesling wines as they age?
What happens to Riesling wines as they age?
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What notable effect does oak aging have on wines made from Cabernet Sauvignon?
What notable effect does oak aging have on wines made from Cabernet Sauvignon?
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What type of wine does Sauvignon Blanc primarily produce?
What type of wine does Sauvignon Blanc primarily produce?
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Which grape variety is primarily used for red Burgundy?
Which grape variety is primarily used for red Burgundy?
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What characteristic does the blending of Cabernet Sauvignon with Merlot add to the wine?
What characteristic does the blending of Cabernet Sauvignon with Merlot add to the wine?
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Which of the following best describes Syrah or Shiraz wines?
Which of the following best describes Syrah or Shiraz wines?
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What type of aromas is typical for Merlot wines?
What type of aromas is typical for Merlot wines?
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Which wine is made from a blend of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir?
Which wine is made from a blend of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir?
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What flavors are commonly associated with Cabernet Sauvignon?
What flavors are commonly associated with Cabernet Sauvignon?
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Which grape variety is known for having low to medium tannins?
Which grape variety is known for having low to medium tannins?
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Which of the following regions is known for producing high acidity wines from Chardonnay?
Which of the following regions is known for producing high acidity wines from Chardonnay?
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Study Notes
Chapter Three: Wine Spirits & Cigars
- This chapter focuses on the key grape varieties used to make wine.
- The grape variety greatly influences the style and quality of the wine.
- Many grape varieties exist, but only a few have global reputation.
- Seven "noble" grape varieties are crucial to study.
- These varieties have distinct flavors and character, recognizable worldwide.
White Grapes
Chardonnay
- Widely considered the best known white grape.
- Produces versatile dry wines.
- Flavors vary with climate: cool regions yield green fruit (apple), citrus, and high acidity (Chablis, Champagne).
- Warmer regions produce stone fruits (peach), and tropical fruits (pineapple, banana).
- Full-bodied and creamy texture*.
- Many spend time in oak barrels, developing spice and vanilla flavours.*
Sauvignon Blanc
- Typically light to medium-bodied and fruity.
- Almost always dry.
- Aromatic profile includes green fruits (lime), citrus, herbaceous notes (cut grass, bell peppers), and asparagus.
- Popular regions include New Zealand, Sancerre, and Pouilly Fumé in France.
Riesling
- Dry to sweet, light to medium-bodied wines.
- Intensely fruity with high acidity.
- Flavours range from stone fruit (peach, apricot) to citrus (lime) and floral notes.
- Ageing can develop aromas of petrol and dried apricot.
- A classic German grape, producing a range of dry to sweet wines.
- Also produced in Alsace, France, and Australia.
Black Grapes
Cabernet Sauvignon
- Deeply coloured wines with high tannins and acidity.
- Medium to full-bodied, with black fruit flavors (blackcurrant, black cherry) and herbaceous notes (bell pepper, mint).
- Frequently aged in oak barrels, adding spice and vanilla flavors.
- Often blended with other grapes (e.g. Merlot in Bordeaux) to improve softness and body.
Merlot
- Full-bodied wines with low to medium tannins.
- Wide range of red fruit flavors including strawberry, plum, blackberry, and black cherry.
- Common in Bordeaux, France.
- New World examples are often rich and fruity.
- Can be aged in oak, developing aromas of spice and vanilla.
Pinot Noir
- Lighter in color and body.
- Low to medium tannins and high acidity.
- Flavors predominantly red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, red cherry).
- Notable in Burgundy (France) and New Zealand.
Syrah/Shiraz
- Rich, powerful, peppery, and deeply coloured wines.
- Full-bodied and medium to high tannins.
- Black fruit flavors (cherry, blackberry)
- Strong spice aromas (black pepper, cloves, mint).
- Oak ageing adds vanilla and spice.
- Popular in the Northern Rhône (France) and Australia.
Other Popular Grape Varieties
Pinot Grigio
- A light-bodied, dry white grape variety, mostly grown in Italy.
- Known for its high acidity, and a light flavor.
Wines Made from Principal Grape Varieties
- Many European wines are named after their region of origin.
- Examples include Chablis (light-bodied French dry), Champagne (French sparkling, often a blend of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir), Sancerre (medium-bodied French, Sauvignon Blanc based), Red Bordeaux (medium-bodied and high tannin French blend), Sauternes (sweet white from Bordeaux), and Soave (light-bodied Italian).
- Cava (light-bodied sparkling wine from Spain), Châteauneuf-du-Pape (full-bodied wine with red fruits and spicy flavors), Rioja (medium to full-bodied red wine, with red fruit and spicy oak), Chianti (medium-bodied red wine with high tannins and acidity), and Beaujolais (light-bodied red from France, with fresh, fruity flavors).
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Description
Explore the essential grape varieties that shape the world of wine in this quiz based on Chapter Three. Understand the characteristics of important white grapes like Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc. Discover how climate influences the flavor profile of wines and the significance of the noble grape varieties for winemaking.
