William Graham Sumner and Social Darwinism

Study Notes

William Graham Sumner was a key figure in social Darwinism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
He served as a professor of political economy and social science at Yale University, significantly shaping sociological thought.

Historical Context

The period was marked by industrialization, urbanization, and capitalism, known as the Gilded Age.
Sumner's teachings were influenced by the prevailing intellectual currents and economic conditions of his time.

Key Concepts and Beliefs

Social Darwinism posits that societal and economic interactions mirror Darwin's natural selection; only the fittest individuals or groups prevail.
Sumner believed that wealth should be used ethically, and wealthy individuals have a responsibility to contribute positively to society.
He argued that competition among individuals and social groups is natural and beneficial for societal progress.

Implications of His Philosophy

Sumner’s views encouraged limited government intervention in aiding the disadvantaged.
His philosophy shaped debates on philanthropy and social responsibility, asserting that success is a reflection of an individual's capabilities.

Legacy and Importance

Sumner’s writings on social Darwinism have influenced contemporary discussions around wealth, social stratification, and the role of government in helping those in need.
His ideas continue to resonate in discussions about capitalism and social ethics.

Description

This quiz explores the life and impact of William Graham Sumner on social Darwinism during the Gilded Age. It examines his beliefs about competition, wealth, and societal progress, as well as the historical context in which he taught at Yale University. Test your knowledge of his key concepts and philosophies.