18 Questions
What was one of the reasons why Raffles chose to set up a trading port in Singapore?
Strategic location
Why was the absence of the Dutch important for the British in establishing a trading post in Singapore?
The British avoided competition from the Dutch
Why was Singapore considered a favorable location for ships to anchor according to the text?
Natural sheltered harbour
What major advantage did Singapore have over Penang as a trading port location for the British?
Strategic location along the India-China trade route
What role did Raffles play in establishing Singapore as a trading port according to the text?
He negotiated treaties with local leaders to set up a trading post
What was the significant contribution of Dr. John Crawfurd to Singapore's development?
He laid out the first town plan for Singapore
What was the primary reason for establishing a British trading port in Singapore?
To serve as a strategic location for trade between the East and West
Which of the following was NOT a contribution of William Farquhar in establishing Singapore as a trading port?
Enforcing strict regulations against gambling and the sale of opium
What was the purpose of the 1824 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed by Dr. John Crawfurd with Sultan Hussein and the Temenggong?
To officially bring Singapore under British control
What was the primary purpose of the Singapore Town Plan (Jackson Plan)?
To allocate areas for different ethnic groups in an orderly manner
Who reintroduced licenses for public gambling and the sale of opium in Singapore?
Dr. John Crawfurd
What can be inferred about Singapore under British rule from the painting in Source A?
Singapore was a successful and thriving trading port
What was the main reason for the British to establish a trading post in Singapore?
To secure a foothold in the region and prevent other European powers from gaining influence
What was Sir Stamford Raffles' role in the establishment of Singapore as a trading port?
He recognized Tengku Hussein as the rightful Sultan and signed an agreement with him and the Temenggong
What was the significance of the 1824 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed between the British and the Dutch?
It settled the disputes between the British and the Dutch over their respective spheres of influence in the region
Who was responsible for developing the Singapore Town Plan, also known as the Jackson Plan?
Lieutenant Philip Jackson
What was Dr. John Crawfurd's contribution to the development of Singapore?
He served as the first Resident of Singapore
What were the key provisions of the agreement signed between Sir Stamford Raffles and Sultan Hussein and the Temenggong?
The British agreed to provide protection and support, and the Sultan and Temenggong agreed not to make any treaties with other Western powers
Study Notes
Reasons for British Interest in Singapore
- The British wanted to establish a trading port in Singapore due to its:
- Natural sheltered harbour, which was deep and safe, making it easy for ships to anchor and dock for repair and replenishment.
- Strategic location, which was centrally located between the India-China trade route and along the Straits of Melaka.
- Absence of Dutch presence, allowing the British to take advantage of the opportunity.
Establishment of Trading Post in Singapore
- William Farquhar, the First Resident of Singapore, set up:
- Defence positions to ensure Singapore remained a free port.
- A police force using revenue from selling licenses for gambling and sales of opium and liquor.
- However, Farquhar was dismissed by Raffles for disobeying orders.
- The Singapore Town Plan, also known as the Jackson Plan, was created to allocate areas to respective ethnic groups in an orderly manner.
Development of Singapore under British Control
- Dr John Crawfurd, the Second Resident of Singapore, reintroduced licenses for public gambling and sale of opium, using the profits to run Singapore.
- The 1824 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance was signed with Sultan Hussein and the Temenggong, officially bringing Singapore under British control.
Inferences about Singapore under British Rule
- Singapore was a successful and thriving trading port, with many trading ships and modern buildings.
- The British government and the Dutch were initially angry with Raffles for setting up a port in Singapore, but the 1824 Anglo-Dutch Treaty resolved their disputes.
Anglo-Dutch Relations
- The 1824 Anglo-Dutch Treaty settled disputes between the British and Dutch, with:
- The Dutch withdrawing their objections to the British presence in Singapore.
- Bencoolen being given to the Dutch in exchange for Melaka.
- The British controlling the Malay Peninsula and Singapore, while the Dutch controlled Sumatra and all islands south of Singapore.
Test your knowledge on William Farquhar, the first resident of Singapore, his contributions, and the Singapore Town Plan, also known as the Jackson Plan proposed by Raffles and Philip Jackson.
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