Questions and Answers
List the three structural categories of joints and briefly describe the criteria used for structural classification of joints.
The structural types of joints include: 1) fibrous joints, 2) cartilaginous joints, and 3) synovial joints. Joints can be classified structurally based on two criteria: 1) the presence or absence of a space between the articulating bones, called a synovial cavity and 2) the type of connective tissue that binds the bones together.
List the three functional classifications of joints, and briefly describe the basis for the functional classification of joints.
The three functional classes are: 1) synarthroses, which are totally immovable, 2) amphiarthroses, which have slight movement, and 3) diarthroses, which are freely moveable joints. The functional classification is based on the degree of movement that they allow.
The epiphyseal plate in a long bone is an example of which type of joint?
Synchondrosis
The joint between the first rib and the manubrium of the sternum is classified as?
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Including elastic cartilage is a common characteristic of synovial joints.
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What unique characteristics would a person who is 'double-jointed' possess?
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Which of the following structures is used to reduce friction in joints?
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Which type of motion results from relatively flat bone surfaces moving back and forth and from side to side with respect to one another?
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Which of the following represents a type of movement where there is a decrease in the angle between articulating bones?
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Bending the trunk forward at the intervertebral discs is an example of what type of angular movement?
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Flexion and extension usually occur along which plane?
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Which of the following is NOT a structural category of synovial joints?
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A condyloid joint is characterized by?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the range of motion of a joint?
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Which of the following is a degenerative joint disease in which joint cartilage is gradually lost due to a combination of aging, obesity, wear, and abrasion of the joints?
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What is a correct description of arthroplasty?
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Based on the structural classification of joints, which of the following is a fibrous joint?
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Which ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur?
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Which of the following is NOT an anatomical component of the elbow?
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Study Notes
Structural Classification of Joints
- Joints can be structurally classified into three categories: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
- Classification criteria include the presence of a synovial cavity and the type of connective tissue binding the bones.
Functional Classification of Joints
- Based on the degree of movement allowed, joints are classified into:
- Synarthroses (immovable)
- Amphiarthroses (slightly movable)
- Diarthroses (freely movable)
Epiphyseal Plate
- The epiphyseal plate is an example of a synchondrosis.
Joint Between First Rib and Sternum
- Classified as:
- Synchondrosis
- Synarthrosis
- Cartilaginous joint
Characteristics of Synovial Joints
- A commonly misunderstood characteristic is that synovial joints do not include elastic cartilage.
- They possess ligaments for stability, hyaline cartilage coverage on articulating bones, a joint cavity, and are freely movable.
Double-Jointedness
- "Double-jointed" individuals possess greater flexibility in articular capsules and ligaments, leading to an increased range of motion.
- This flexibility can make joints less stable and more prone to dislocation.
Structures Reducing Joint Friction
- Bursae and synovial fluid help reduce friction in joints.
Types of Motion in Joints
- Gliding motion involves flat bone surfaces moving back and forth and side to side.
- Flexion refers to a decrease in the angle between articulating bones, as seen when bending forward.
Angular Movements
- Bending the trunk forward at intervertebral discs exemplifies flexion.
- Flexion and extension usually occur in the sagittal plane.
Synovial Joint Categories
- Suture is not a structural category of synovial joints, unlike hinge, condyloid, saddle, and planar joints.
Condyloid Joints
- Found in the wrist and are biaxial.
- Also known as ellipsoidal joints, they allow flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.
Factors Affecting Joint Range of Motion
- Factors include muscle tension, hormones, disuse, and structure of articulating bones.
- Eversion is not a factor affecting range of motion.
Osteoarthritis
- A degenerative joint disease characterized by gradual loss of joint cartilage due to aging, obesity, wear, and abrasion.
Arthroplasty
- Defined as the surgical replacement of a joint with an artificial joint.
Fibrous Joint Example
- Syndesmosis is classified as a fibrous joint.
Knee Ligament Function
- The anterior cruciate ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur.
Elbow Anatomy
- The tendon of the biceps brachii muscle is not considered an anatomical component of the elbow.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structural categories of joints with this flashcard quiz. Learn about the characteristics of fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints while understanding the criteria used for their classification.
