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Questions and Answers
What is the primary responsibility of the Florida Forest Service according to Florida Statute 590.01?
What is the purpose of the provided guideline for SJCFR personnel responding to wildfires?
Which document serves as a key reference for the material in the provided guideline?
Who should review the policies on PPE, Incident Command System, Chain-of-Command, and Code Response Policy as part of wildland fire response training?
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What is the scope of the guideline provided to SJCFR members?
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Where does Florida Statute 590.01 assign the primary responsibility for wildfire management?
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What is the primary purpose of using tankers in firefighting operations?
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What is the recommended maximum distance for firefighters to operate from the roadway?
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What is the recommended action for firefighters when protecting apparatus and structures?
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What is the recommended action for firefighters when their apparatus tank is less than full?
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What is the recommended action for Incident Commanders when they have limited resources available?
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What is the recommended first option for firefighters if they become trapped by fire?
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What is the recommended action for firefighters if they are unable to find a suitable structure for refuge?
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What is the recommended action for firefighters if they take refuge in their apparatus?
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When should firefighters trained and equipped with a fire shelter use it, according to the text?
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What should be done with fuel that will burn up to the containment line promptly and safely?
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What should be used in conjunction with hand tools during mop-up operations?
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What should crews do before heading to the fire area?
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What should be checked and corrected at the completion of an operational assignment?
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What is the primary duty of a tanker/tender according to the text?
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What is the primary responsibility of FFS (Florida Forest Service) during a wildfire incident?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the recommended wildland gear for SJCFR personnel?
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What is the primary role of SJCFR at wildland/urban interface fires?
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When should SJCFR refuse an assignment from FFS?
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Which of the following factors should be considered during the initial size-up of a wildfire incident?
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What is the recommended hose line size for structural protection during a wildland/urban interface fire?
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What is the definition of 'mop-up' according to the text?
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What does the term 'duff' refer to according to the definitions provided?
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When should SJCFR request FFS to respond to a wildland fire incident?
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What is the definition of 'wildland/urban interface' according to the text?
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What is the purpose of fire shelters according to the text?
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What is the purpose of the LCES mnemonic in wildland fire agencies?
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What should leaders do if any 'watch out' situation is noted during firefighting operations?
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When should mop-up deployment be coordinated according to the text?
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How should assignments be prioritized in wildland firefighting operations?
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'Mop-Up Operations' considerations in the text include all except:
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'LCES' stands for what in terms of wildland firefighting?
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'Fire Orders' are primarily used for what purpose in wildland fire agencies?
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What is NOT a factor in determining the appropriate staffing for Tankers during wildland fire operations?
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When preparing for structural defense operations, which acronym should be used to assess the location and condition of structures?
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Which of the following conditions indicates that a structure CANNOT be saved during a wildfire?
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Which of the following is NOT a sign that a structure is vulnerable to fire?
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Which of the following actions should NOT be taken by crews when preparing for structural defense?
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Under what circumstances should Fire Rescue assume an offensive role at non-interface wildland fires?
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What type of hoselines should normally be used at non-interface wildland fires where an offensive role is assumed?
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In some cases, what strategy may be preferable instead of attempting to stop a fire in the woods?
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When should the Incident Commander consider leaving a non-interface wildland fire in the care of FFS (Florida Forest Service) personnel?
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Which of the following units should NOT be used for off-road assignments during mop-up operations?
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Study Notes
Wildland Firefighting Guidelines
- Extended Attack: A situation where a fire cannot be controlled by initial attack resources within a reasonable period of time.
- Mop-up: Extinguishing or removing burning material near control lines, felling snags, and trenching logs to prevent rolling after an area has burned, with the intention of making the fire safe and reducing residual smoke.
Initial Response
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Size-up: Prior to dispatch, while enroute, and throughout the incident, consider the following factors:
- Current and predicted weather
- Access issues
- Values at risk (timber, structures, etc.)
- Available resources
- Size of fire
- Rate of spread
- Fire behavior
- Action Plan: Develop an Incident Action Plan (IAP) that establishes the role of Fire Rescue personnel at the incident.
- FFS Notification: Notify FFS of all wildland fires and request response to all incidents during periods of drought, "red flag" days, or days with erratic weather predictions.
Interaction with FFS
- Joint Command System: Operate in a joint command system with FFS supervisors.
- Unacceptable FFS Assignments: Refuse assignments that pose an unreasonable risk versus potential benefit.
- Resource Commitment: Refer requests from other agencies for resources to the shift supervisor.
Choosing the Proper PPE
- Structural PPE: Wear full structural PPE with SCBA when protecting structures.
- Wildland PPE: Wear wildland PPE when assisting FFS with mop-up operations or controlling/extinguishing wildland fires with no structures in danger.
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Wildland Gear: Issue wildland gear consisting of:
- Hard hat
- Leather or structural boots
- Leather or structural gloves
- Brush jacket/brush pants
- Eye protection (goggles or safety glasses)
- Smoke shield
Wildland/Urban Interface
- Structural Defense: SJCFR's normal role is structural defense at wildland/urban interface fires.
- Hoselines: Use 1 ¾ inch hoselines for structural protection.
Wildland Fire Agencies
- Fire Orders: Use ten (10) standing orders for wildland fire suppression, represented by the mnemonic "FIRE ORDERS".
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LCES: Use the mnemonic "LCES" to remind personnel of items critical to firefighter safety:
- Lookouts
- Communications
- Escape routes
- Safety zones
Watch Out Situations
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Watch Out Situations: Identify factors or conditions that may indicate firefighter safety is at risk:
- Fire not scouted and sized up
- Unfamiliar with weather and local factors
- Safety zones and escape routes not identified
- And 15 more situations
Mop-Up Operations
- Mop-Up Deployment: Coordinate mop-up deployment through FFS Forest Area Supervisor and request by the Battalion Supervisor.
- Assignments: Assignments should be priority rated, with emphasis on wildland fires that pose an imminent threat to human life or are located near a structure or highway.
Safety Considerations
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Firefighter Safety: Recognize common denominators of fire behavior on tragedy fires:
- Most incidents happen on smaller fires or isolated portions of larger fires
- Most fires are innocent in appearance before unexpected shifts in wind direction and/or speed
- And 5 more denominators
- Apparatus Safety: Park engines/apparatus in a safe area, with the front facing the escape route.
- Personnel Safety: Save the last 100 gallons of water in the apparatus tank for the protection of the vehicle and its crew.
If Trapped By Fire
- Option 1: Structure: Take refuge in a structure, if possible, and wear structural PPE with SCBA for maximum protection.
- Option 2: Apparatus: Take refuge in the apparatus, if no suitable structure is available, and use a looped 1 ¾-inch line to deploy a fog pattern over the cab.
- Option 3: Fire Shelter: Use a fire shelter as a last resort, if trained and equipped.
Mop-Up/Pre-Deployment
- Pre-Deployment Checklist: Check wildland and structural firefighting gear, tactical channel, and IAP before heading to the fire area.
- Apparatus Check-Out: Check apparatus equipment, including fuel levels, oil levels, foam levels, and spare fuel cans, before heading to the fire area.
- Apparatus Check-In: Check apparatus equipment, including fuel levels, oil levels, foam levels, and spare fuel cans, after completing an operational assignment.
Tanker/Tender Operations
- Primary Duty: The primary duty of a tanker/tender is to deliver water to remote areas of the county.
- Operations: Operate according to SJCFR SOP's and SOG's, with emphasis on speed, caution, and reconnaissance.
Structural Triage
- Structural Assessment: Assess the location and condition of structures that may be in the fire's path, using the acronym LECS.
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Structural Triage: Triage structures into one of the following categories:
- Need little or no attention
- Need protection, but savable
- Cannot be saved
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Signs of Vulnerability: Identify signs of vulnerability, such as:
- Wood roof and/or debris accumulation
- Vinyl siding
- Heat traps/overhangs
- Vents without screens
Non-Interface Wildland Fires
- Defensive Posture: Assume a defensive posture at remote or larger fires, unless initial response units can obtain immediate fire containment.
- Fire Control: Allow a fire to bum out against a natural or fabricated barrier, while standing by to extinguish any spot fires that may cross the line.
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Description
This guideline provides insight for Incident Commanders, Officers, and Firefighters at SJCFR on roles and steps for handling wildfire incidents effectively. It aims to minimize excessive communication for task assignments. The scope includes all members of SJCFR responding to wildland fires.