8

What material was used to boil water according to the passage?

What natural resource did the character realize was essential for their survival and comfort?

What did the character use to start a fire inside the tree?

Where was the water source eventually found?

What animals did the character find in the water?

What inspired the character to look for water near the hemlock tree?

What method did Native Americans historically use to create dugout canoes?

What was the character's reaction to successfully planning and finding food?

Fire for Dugout Canoes

Spring (water source)

Beetle's Water Movement

Boiling water in a leaf

Skunk cabbage leaf was used as a cup to boil water with grass strands
Boiling water in a leaf works because the water keeps the leaf wet, preventing it from burning completely
The top of the leaf dries up and burns down to the water level, but no further

Using Fire to Make a Dugout Canoe

American Indians used fire to make dugout canoes
Burning the wood out was an easier and faster way to get results

Discovering a Spring

Discovered that a water source was needed nearby for cooking, drinking, and comfort
Recalled the fact that "Hemlocks usually grow around mountain streams and springs."
Found a spring guarded by two boulders, decorated with flowers, ferns, moss, and weeds
The spring water was clear, with insects rowing in it and beetles moving on the surface
Crayfish were found in the spring

Catching Crayfish for Food

Initially hesitated to catch crayfish due to their pinching ability
Overcame the hesitation by thinking about hunger
Successfully caught crayfish and wrapped them in leaves to carry back

Problem Solving and Planning

Realized the lack of a bucket to carry water to the tree
Remembered how accustomed to city conveniences like taps and buckets he was
As a substitute, decided to use dirt to smother the fire

Time Progression

Spent days working, burning, cutting, and gathering food
Marked each day on an aspen pole calendar stuck in the ground

Explore wilderness survival techniques: boiling water in a leaf, crafting dugout canoes with fire, locating springs, and catching crayfish. Learn how indigenous methods and resourcefulness can aid survival. This knowledge emphasizes adapting to nature's offerings for sustenance and comfort.