Questions and Answers
Give examples of different types of game hunted in the UK.
Large game e.g. deer, wild boar; Small game e.g. rabbits, hares; Wild birds e.g. pheasants, partridges, grouse, pigeon, duck; Park game.
List some of the benefits of hunting wild game.
Pest control e.g. pigeons; Population control e.g. deer; Management of rural land for conservation of species; Economic activity generated.
What are the advantages of farming large game?
Can be available all year round; Have same nutritional value and organoleptic characteristics as wild-game meat.
What are the main products of wild game?
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What are 'ratites'?
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What do we mean by farmed game?
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What do we mean by 'small wild game'?
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What do we mean by 'large wild game'?
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What is meant by a 'game-handling establishment'?
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What is 'park game'?
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Can wild sheep and goats be hunted for human consumption in the UK?
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Differentiate between wild and farmed game.
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Can wild game animals killed by road traffic accidents enter the food chain?
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Do we need FCI for game animals?
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Who completes the health certificate for farmed game animals?
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What legislations regarding food hygiene apply to those who shoot wild game for private consumption?
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What does AGHE stand for?
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What legislations regarding food hygiene apply to those who hunt and supply small quantities to the final consumer?
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Describe the requirements of an Approved Game Handling Establishment (AGHE).
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Describe the storage of game meat in the AGHE.
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For the purpose of official meat inspection in the UK, in which category are ostriches included?
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Study Notes
Types of Game Hunted in the UK
- Large game includes deer and wild boar.
- Small game encompasses rabbits and hares.
- Wild birds consist of pheasants, partridges, grouse, pigeons, and ducks.
- Park game refers to certain animals, such as deer, found in enclosures.
Benefits of Hunting Wild Game
- Aids in pest control, particularly for populations like pigeons.
- Regulates deer populations for ecological balance.
- Encompasses land management for conservation efforts.
- Economic benefits arise from land costs, participation fees, and employment of gamekeepers.
Advantages of Farming Large Game
- Provides consistent availability throughout the year.
- Maintains similar nutritional value and taste profiles as wild game.
- Commonly farmed species in the UK include red deer, fallow deer, and wild boar, with farming methods ranging from free-range to intensive systems.
Main Products of Wild Game
- Edible meat constitutes primary product.
- Velvet antler, valued for medicinal properties in various cultures.
- Leather and feathers are secondary products derived from these animals.
Understanding Ratites
- Includes flightless birds such as ostriches, rheas, kiwis, and emus, classified as farmed game.
Definition of Farmed Game
- Comprises ratites and land mammals raised domestically; small game such as quail or ducks are classified as poultry.
Definition of Small Wild Game
- Refers to wild game birds and lagomorphs, which live freely in their natural habitats.
Definition of Large Wild Game
- Encompasses wild land mammals that do not fit the small wild game category, living freely in the wild.
Game-Handling Establishments
- Any venue where hunted game and its meat are prepared for market distribution.
Definition of Park Game
- Animals, particularly deer, that reside in enclosures like estates; hunting these qualifies them as wild.
Hunting Wild Sheep and Goats in the UK
- While uncommon, hunting wild sheep and goats for consumption is permitted under TSE regulations, with FSA communication required.
Wild vs. Farmed Game
- Farmed game refers to traditionally wild species raised domestically; wild game includes animals that have lived freely or are released for hunting.
Wild Game from Road Traffic Accidents
- Only game killed by hunting is permissible in the human food chain; road-killed animals are not allowed.
FCI Requirements for Game Animals
- A health certificate (FCI) is mandatory for farmed game.
- Wild game requires a Hunter's declaration for large game and is recommended (but not required) for small game.
Health Certificate for Farmed Game Animals
- Completed by an approved vet after ante-mortem inspection; the remaining sections are filled out by the farmer.
Food Hygiene Legislation for Private Consumption
- No specific food hygiene legislation applies to hunters for personal consumption, only welfare and hunting season laws.
Legislation for Hunting and Supplying Small Quantities
- Hunters should register with Local Authority for guidance on transport, hygiene, and traceability to ensure safe meat supply.
AGHE Meaning
- Stands for Approved Game Handling Establishment, requiring adherence to hygiene regulations and health certification.
Hygiene Legislation for Transport to AGHE
- Includes notification to Local Authorities and compliance with hygiene and inspection requirements for game.
Hygiene Legislation for Cooking and Supplying Game
- Must inform Local Authority, adhere to hygiene standards, and maintain a HACCP system for consumer supply.
Requirements for an AGHE
- Requires FSA approval, compliance with regulations, proper handling of animal by-products, and veterinarian controls.
Disposal of Animal By-Products
- Trained personnel may safely dispose of animal by-products onsite; AGHEs follow similar protocols.
Definition of a Hunter
- Individuals who hunt or shoot wild game, including active party members like gamekeepers and beaters, but excluding spectators.
Definition of Trained Person/Trained Hunter
- Individuals knowledgeable about wild game pathology and handling; should have industry-based training or certifications from recognized organizations.
Documentation for Large Wild Game
- Requires a trained person declaration detailing the date, time, and location of the kill, with a numbering system linked to the carcass.
Documentation for Small Wild Game
- No formal declaration needed but should document abnormalities or environmental contamination; recommended to label trays with this information.
Storage of Game Meat in AGHE
- Must have a HACCP system in place, with dedicated facilities to avoid cross-contamination; hygiene levels differ from regular meat processing plants.
Inspection Team Structure in AGHE
- Daily inspection by meat hygiene inspectors and monthly visits from an approved veterinarian.
Ante and Post-Mortem Procedures for Farmed Game
- Same as red meat protocols, with ante-mortem conducted by official veterinarians and post-mortem performed by meat hygiene inspectors.
Procedures for Wild Game
- Large wild game requires a trained person declaration; small wild game has no ante-mortem necessity but is recommended for formalities.
Processing Differences for Farmed Game
- Abattoir configurations tailored for domestic animals necessitate manual handling of deer and wild boar; additional training may be required.
Identification of Farmed Game
- Requires individual tagging for deer and slap-marking for wild boars, akin to domestic animals.
Specific Requirements for AGHE
- Must ensure the separation of different game types, undergo daily inspections, and maintain standard hygienic practices.
Classification of Ostriches
- Regarded as farmed game since they are non-native to the UK, subject to appropriate regulations.
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Description
This quiz covers definitions and general requirements related to wild and farmed game in the UK. Participants will explore various types of game, benefits of hunting, and conservation efforts associated with game management.
