Wide Area Networks [WAN] Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is an advantage of Ring Topology?

  • Boasts the highest fault tolerance
  • Perform well under heavy traffic
  • Each device connected to every other device
  • Equal access for all users (correct)

    • What is a disadvantage of Mesh Topology?

  • If one device fails, network goes down
  • Equal access for all users
  • Perform well under heavy traffic
  • Can get very expensive due to many cables (correct)

    • What is a characteristic of Circuit Switching?

  • Each connection has its own dedicated channel (correct)
  • Data sent in packets over a shared network
  • Does not require a set-up phase for connections
  • Developed for mesh topology networks

    • Why is Ring Topology difficult to troubleshoot?

    <p>Adding/removing computers disrupts the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topology has the highest fault tolerance?

    <p>Mesh Topology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Circuit Switching, what happens during the circuit establishment phase?

    <p>Dedicated channel is established between endpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Mesh Topology expensive to implement?

    <p>Each connection needing its own cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Circuit Switching considered inefficient?

    <p>'If no data, capacity wasted' scenario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if one device fails in a Ring Topology network?

    <p>The whole network goes down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it challenging to add or remove computers in a Ring Topology network?

    <p>Adding/removing computers disrupts the whole network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Application Layer represents a user interface to the network and helps users run applications.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Physical Layer in the OSI Reference Model is responsible for representing a user interface to the network.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Data Link Layer is responsible for logical addressing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IP addresses are used at the Network Layer, while MAC addresses are used at the Data Link Layer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NIC addresses at the Data Link Layer uniquely identify network devices on the same local network.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Application Layer in the OSI Reference Model represents a user interface to the network and helps users run applications.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NIC addresses at the Data Link Layer uniquely identify network devices on different local networks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Transport Layer in the OSI Reference Model is responsible for logical addressing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IP addresses are used at the Transport Layer, while MAC addresses are used at the Network Layer.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Data Link Layer is responsible for reliable data transfer across different networks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of address is used to uniquely identify network devices on the same local network?

    <p>MAC address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the OSI Reference Model is responsible for logical addressing?

    <p>Network Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Data Link Layer in the OSI Reference Model?

    <p>MAC addressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following addresses is used at the Network Layer?

    <p>IP address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the MAC address on an Ethernet NIC?

    <p>To identify devices on the same local network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which layer of the OSI Reference Model are IP addresses used?

    <p>Network Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between IP addresses and MAC addresses?

    <p>IP addresses are used at the Network Layer, while MAC addresses are used at the Data Link Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for representing a user interface to the network?

    <p>Application Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant improvement of the EDVAC compared to the ENIAC?

    <p>It stored the program in primary memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the first six programmers of the ENIAC?

    <p>Women programmers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of storage device did the Small-Scale Experimental Machine use?

    <p>Cathode ray tube (CRT).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first commercial computer introduced in 1951?

    <p>Ferranti Mark 1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was programming done on the ENIAC?

    <p>By wiring connections into plugboards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the lectures by Eckert, Mauchly, and others focus on?

    <p>Lessons learned from the ENIAC and the EDVAC's design.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What served as the foundational technology for the Ferranti Mark 1?

    <p>The work done at the University of Manchester.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a requirement for reprogramming the ENIAC?

    <p>Removing and reattaching many wires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What device was invented by Bell Labs in 1948 as a substitute for the vacuum tube?

    <p>Transistor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led the team at Bell Labs that developed the transistor?

    <p>Bill Shockley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the partnership between British and American scientists during World War II?

    <p>To improve microwave radar systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event happened in September 1957 involving Bill Shockley’s employees?

    <p>They left to create Fairchild Semiconductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which companies are credited with the independent invention of the integrated circuit?

    <p>Fairchild Semiconductor and Texas Instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was there a need to replace vacuum tubes with transistors?

    <p>Transistors required less power and generated less heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the goal of Fairchild Semiconductor when it was founded?

    <p>To produce integrated circuits containing multiple components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology was primarily improved due to the manufacturing of microwave radar systems?

    <p>Semiconductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the plan agreed upon by Intel and Busicom?

    <p>The required number of chips for Busicom’s calculator was reduced from 12 to 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant development was led by Ted Hoff, Stanley Mazor, and Federico Faggin?

    <p>The invention of the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many transistors were integrated into the Intel 4004 microprocessor?

    <p>2,300 transistors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one major legal action taken against file-sharing services like The Pirate Bay?

    <p>Introduction of the PRO-IP Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant impact of microprocessors on technology?

    <p>They made computers smaller and more integrated into devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act was specifically designed to protect children's privacy online?

    <p>Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Whole Earth Catalog play in the 1960s and 1970s?

    <p>It provided lists of resources for personal and environmental improvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the mission of the People’s Computer Company?

    <p>To educate people on how to use computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach to software protection emphasizes the benefits of maximizing public welfare?

    <p>Utilitarian Analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicated the emergence of a counterculture in the San Francisco area during the Vietnam conflict?

    <p>Advances in computer technology aligning with anti-establishment ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental component of the GNU Project?

    <p>Development of free and open-source software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following devices commonly uses microprocessors today?

    <p>Smartphones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key legislation allows for wiretapping under specific circumstances in the U.S.?

    <p>Electronic Communications Privacy Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes data mining?

    <p>Analysis of data to extract useful information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What law was enacted to regulate the sharing of medical records?

    <p>Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the Megaupload shutdown?

    <p>Boost in legal online entertainment options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of software license supports the idea of modification and redistribution?

    <p>Open Source License</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of the Fair Information Practices?

    <p>Establishing guidelines for responsible data collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of privacy approach focuses on the concept of a natural right to privacy?

    <p>Philosophical Privacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Privacy Act of 1974 address?

    <p>Regulation of federal agencies in personal data handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with profiling through data collection?

    <p>Infringement on individual privacy rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of open-source software is often considered beneficial?

    <p>Enhanced security through transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following theories is NOT considered one of the most appropriate tools for analyzing moral problems?

    <p>Hedonism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary focus does Chapter 3 emphasize in relation to technology?

    <p>Communications over cellular networks and the Internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which issue is NOT explicitly mentioned in Chapter 3's discussion of technology and society?

    <p>Cybersecurity breaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical theory focuses on the creation and exchange of intellectual property?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon involves the analysis of data to predict consumer behavior?

    <p>Data mining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a concern raised in Chapter 5 regarding information privacy?

    <p>Open-source software statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of privacy issues addressed in Chapter 6, which interest did the government aim to balance?

    <p>Public safety and personal privacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chapter discusses the implications of social media on political activism?

    <p>Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Intellectual Property in Digital Media

    • Grokster case highlighted issues around copyright infringement via peer-to-peer file sharing.
    • BitTorrent technology enabled efficient distribution of large files and raised legal concerns regarding piracy.
    • Legal actions against The Pirate Bay emphasized efforts to combat online copyright infringement.
    • The PRO-IP Act established enhanced enforcement tools for intellectual property rights protection.
    • Megaupload's shutdown in 2012 marked a significant moment in combating online piracy and copyright violations.
    • Legal online access options for entertainment evolved, promoting authorized content consumption.

    Software Protections

    • Software copyrights protect creators' rights, preventing unauthorized use, distribution, and reproduction.
    • Violations of software copyrights can lead to substantial legal consequences and financial penalties.
    • Safe software development practices aim to ensure quality, security, and compliance with legal standards.
    • Software patents protect unique inventions and features, fostering innovation and investment in technology.

    Intellectual Property Legitimacy

    • Rights-based analysis argues for the moral right of creators to control their work and gain economic benefits.
    • Utilitarian analysis focuses on the broader societal benefits of protecting intellectual property, such as innovation encouragement.
    • Concluding remarks suggest a balanced approach to intellectual property rights considering both creator and societal interests.

    Open-Source Software

    • Proprietary software can limit user freedom and accessibility, leading to concerns over monopolistic practices.
    • Open source is software with source code available for anyone to inspect, modify, and enhance.
    • Benefits of open-source software include community collaboration, innovation, cost reduction, and adaptability.
    • Examples of successful open-source projects include Linux and the GNU Project, which have transformed the tech landscape.
    • Open-source software impacts competition and promotes user control over technology.

    Creative Commons

    • Creative Commons offers a range of licensing options that allow authors to share their work while retaining some control over usage.

    Information Privacy

    • Privacy encompasses individual control over personal data and the emerging concerns regarding surveillance and data collection.
    • Harms include identity theft, misuse of personal information, and infringement on personal freedoms; benefits involve the protection of individual freedoms and social trust.
    • The right to privacy remains debated, raising questions about its existence and recognition in law.

    Information Disclosures

    • Public records and private organization data disclosures increasingly clarify the complex landscape of information privacy.
    • Technologies such as body scanners, RFID tags, and mobile apps have raised privacy concerns over data collection methods.
    • Medical records and digital tracking systems like cookies and black boxes in vehicles reflect the pervasive nature of surveillance.

    Data Mining

    • Data mining involves extracting valuable information from large datasets, impacting privacy and consumer behavior.
    • Opt-in and opt-out policies significantly shape consumer willingness to share data with companies.
    • Notable backlash against invasive data practices includes the Facebook Beacon controversy and the Cambridge Analytica incident.

    Government Privacy Issues

    • Various US laws limit governmental data collection, balancing public safety and personal privacy rights.
    • Covert government surveillance methods have raised significant ethical concerns, especially post-9/11.
    • The USA PATRIOT Act facilitates authorized surveillance and wiretapping, triggering debates on surveillance vs. civil liberties.
    • Data mining by government entities, particularly in criminal justice and public health, presents new privacy challenges.

    Technology Evolution

    • The ENIAC, the first electronic computer, showcased early computing power with reprogramming limitations.
    • The EDVAC introduced stored-program architecture, allowing for more efficient computation.
    • The Ferranti Mark 1 represented the first commercial computer, paving the way for wider adoption of computing technology.
    • The invention of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized electronics, leading to portable and efficient devices.
    • The development of the microprocessor enabled the integration of computers into everyday consumer products.

    Cultural Context of Computing

    • The counterculture movement in the 1960s influenced personal computing's evolution, promoting DIY technologies and accessibility.
    • The Whole Earth Catalog provided resources for tech enthusiasts and aligned with ideals of communal engagement and environmental consciousness.

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    Related Documents

    Lec 01 and 02_Networks-mod.pdf
    Lec03_Networks.pdf
    Lec03_Networks.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on Wide Area Networks (WAN) with this quiz covering the basic concepts such as the definition of WAN, the difference between LAN and WAN, and the characteristics of WAN networks.

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